Esther Abiodun Adurotoye; Abiodun Victor Ikujenlola; Hezekiah Adekanmi Adeniran
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, Pages 1-7
Abstract
This study investigated the in vivo effect of administration of probioticated African Yam Bean (AYB) based milk analogues on albino rats. Vegetable milk extracts were obtained from processed African Yam Bean, Soybean Seeds, and Coconut. The samples were mixed at different ratios of 1:1:1, 3:1:1, and ...
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This study investigated the in vivo effect of administration of probioticated African Yam Bean (AYB) based milk analogues on albino rats. Vegetable milk extracts were obtained from processed African Yam Bean, Soybean Seeds, and Coconut. The samples were mixed at different ratios of 1:1:1, 3:1:1, and 5:1:1 (African Yam Bean: Soybean: Coconut) as A, B, and C, respectively. The blended milk analogues were fermented using Lactobacillus delbrueckii isolated from Kununzaki drink. The effect of the fermented milk analogues on the intestinal tract and the serum of the albino rats was also investigated. This strain inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, a selected food-borne pathogen in vivo. Animals fed with only E. coli had the highest AST and ALT values of 79.31 and 24.59 IU/L respectively. Animals fed with sample B1 had the lowest ALT value of 16.24 IU/L. The weight gain was highest in animals fed with only probiotic drink sample. The histopathological examination showed the protective effect of the group dosed with the probiotic drink alone and the ones fed with a higher proportion of AYB. The study concluded that probioticated African yam bean drink exhibited health-promoting effect in vivo on the experimental animals and hence could be used as probiotic drink.
Mehran Jandaghi; Mohammad Reza Hasandokht; Vahid Abdossi; Pezhman Moradi
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, Pages 8-12
Abstract
Currently in order to develop healthy foods, the usage of organic fertilizers has received more consideration as a suitable suggestion for the application of chemical fertilizers. Cucumbers, a fruit in the Cucurbitaceae family, have many uses for salad as a food. This research was carried out to figure ...
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Currently in order to develop healthy foods, the usage of organic fertilizers has received more consideration as a suitable suggestion for the application of chemical fertilizers. Cucumbers, a fruit in the Cucurbitaceae family, have many uses for salad as a food. This research was carried out to figure out the impact of chicken manure tea and vermicompost on some nutritional traits in cucumber fruit (Cucumis sativus cv. Extreme), in a greenhouse in Iran's Tehran province. The study was factorial in a randomized completely block design with four replications. Treatments were control (without any fertilizer), control with chemical fertilizer (20-20-20), vermicompost in two levels (20 and 30 %), and chicken manure tea (1/4, 1/8, and 1/12). At the end of the grown season, fruits were harvested. Some nutrients traits were measured. Results showed that increasing the amount of chicken manure tea (up to 1/8 v/v) significantly increased trace elements (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, Iron, Zinc, Manganese) of cucumber. By enhancement in the content of chicken manure tea (1/4 v/v), all traits showed the same result as treatment with chemical fertilizer. So, manure fertilizer can be used for the improvement of nutritional value in cucumber cultivation to produce healthy foods.
Fatemeh Rahmani; Azita Faraki
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, Pages 13-18
Abstract
One of the best and most important foods in the human diet is milk. So, the presence of nutritional compounds and the absence of harmful components is very remarkable. Mycotoxins are an important toxin in food and feed, they are produced by molds. The presence of mycotoxins in food is an emerging issue ...
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One of the best and most important foods in the human diet is milk. So, the presence of nutritional compounds and the absence of harmful components is very remarkable. Mycotoxins are an important toxin in food and feed, they are produced by molds. The presence of mycotoxins in food is an emerging issue in the world. Among different types of mycotoxins, aflatoxins are so considerable. Different methods are used to reduce them, but the usage of microbial methods such as Lactic acid bacteria, probiotics, and yeasts is a beneficial strategy. The most studied microorganisms are lactic acid bacteria due to their natural presence in milk and also are known as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) substances. It is noteworthy to mention that the bacterial cell walls are so important in binding ability. Also, parameters such as pH, temperature of incubation, type of starter, which is used in the product, concentration of microorganisms in milk, and the level of toxin can affect the efficiency of microorganisms. Hence, this review was aimed to investigate the results of studies about the effectiveness of microbial methods on the adsorption and reduction of aflatoxin in milk. Also compares the effect of microorganisms, influencing factors, and mechanisms of these methods.
Negin Haji-Hosseini-Gazestani; Seyyed Ali Keshavarz; Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani; Asal Ataie-Jafari
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, Pages 19-24
Abstract
Obesity, as a chronic inflammation, is one of the most important health problems in the world. Increased central obesity is associated with increased inflammation. Diet plays a major role in regulating inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory ...
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Obesity, as a chronic inflammation, is one of the most important health problems in the world. Increased central obesity is associated with increased inflammation. Diet plays a major role in regulating inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and obesity in Tehranian women. This cross-sectional study was performed on 199 women living in District 7 of Tehran. Food intake obtained through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and DII was calculated. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured or calculated. In the final analysis, the effect of age, level of education, smoking status, and physical activity was controlled. The mean age of the subjects was 37.03 years, and the mean BMI was 27.6 kg/m2. The odds of high WC increased with increasing DII score in the crude model (p=0.01) and decreased significantly in the adjusted model (p=0.04). But there was no significant relationship between DII and other variables of abdominal obesity and general obesity (p>0.05). The study states that by increasing the inflammatory index score of the diet, the chance of developing abdominal obesity (waist circumference) decreases. But this result is not true for other variables of abdominal obesity and general obesity.
Mohsen Mokhtarian; Ahmad Kalbasi-Ashtari; Hassan Hamedi
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, Pages 26-32
Abstract
Mentha piperita L., known as mint or peppermint used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. Although different techniques have been studied for drying mint leaves, there is not enough information on solar drying of peppermint (especially the Persian variety) in the literature. ...
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Mentha piperita L., known as mint or peppermint used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. Although different techniques have been studied for drying mint leaves, there is not enough information on solar drying of peppermint (especially the Persian variety) in the literature. In this study, thin layers of peppermint leaves were dehydrated evenly with three methods of shade (MI), sun (MII), and solar heat collector (MIII). The air temperature rise and drying time in I, II, and III were (1, 5, and 18ºC) and (880, 300, and 150 min), respectively. The particle size, porosity, and rehydration rate of peppermint dried in III were significantly higher than those dried with I and II. While the overall color (∆E) of peppermint dried in I and III did not change, the greenish index and chlorophyll of peppermint dried in II were ~21% and ~15% less than those in III because it was exposed to direct sunlight radiation. The peppermint dried with III had lower bulk density, higher sensory attributes (minty aroma, flavor, cooling mouthfeel, and visual color), and overall acceptance scores than II and I. The solar dryer produced high quality dehydrated peppermint with renewable energy and without environmental contamination.
Hadi Monji; Adeleh Khodabakhshi; Pegah Rahbarinejad
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, Pages 33-36
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of food allergies in developed and developing countries has raised many questions about that in scientific societies. This prevalence made researchers eager to understand the steps taken to prevent food allergies in children. Children's food allergies are often thought to be ...
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The increasing prevalence of food allergies in developed and developing countries has raised many questions about that in scientific societies. This prevalence made researchers eager to understand the steps taken to prevent food allergies in children. Children's food allergies are often thought to be the result of exposure to allergens during pregnancy, lactation, and nutrient deficiencies such as vitamin D. in this review, we collected and reviewed new studies about nutritional strategies to prevent food allergies in children. Studies have shown that eliminating food from the mother's diet during pregnancy and lactation is not recommended. Also, despite the many benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for infancy, there is still limited evidence to support food allergy prevention with breastfeeding. Introducing solid foods at 4-6 months of age may reduce the risk of developing allergies in children; therefore, it is not suggested to delay the introduction of food. Also, introducing peanuts and boiled eggs earlier than 12 months of age can reduce the risk of some allergies. There is little evidence to support using a hydrolyzed formula and vitamin D supplement to prevent food allergies. Nutritional interventions to prevent food allergies still have many ambiguous questions; however, it can be said that avoidance of allergenic foods is not suggested, and exposure to foods can induce tolerance.
