Maryam Ebrahimi Vargoorani; Mohammad Hossein Modarressi; Elahe Motevaseli; Farzam Vaziri; Seyed Davar Siadat
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 1-5
Abstract
In Gram-positive bacteria, the production of extracellular vesicles has been neglected to date due to the presence of a thick peptidoglycan cell wall. But in recent years more studies have been done on these nanoparticles. The purpose of this study is to show that Lactobacillus casei has the ability ...
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In Gram-positive bacteria, the production of extracellular vesicles has been neglected to date due to the presence of a thick peptidoglycan cell wall. But in recent years more studies have been done on these nanoparticles. The purpose of this study is to show that Lactobacillus casei has the ability to produce extracellular vesicles. Since extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an important agent to mediate the expression of genes. In this scientific research, we have examined to find out the effect of EVs derived from L. casei on the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 gene. The EVs were purified from the conditioned medium of L. casei using ultracentrifugation and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Caco2 cells were treated with different concentrations of purified extracellular vesicles. The electron microscopy showed spherical vesicles that had an average diameter of 200nm. The extracted protein content was 2.4 in the ultracentrifugation method. It was determined that the extracellular vesicles of this bacterium at concentrations of 150 μg/ml had no significant effect on the expression of Toll-like receptor-2 gene expression in comparison with the control (Sucrose), whereas the expression of this gene in the treatment of EVs at concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/ml decreased. Our result creates a paradigm for future studies of the functional component from gut microbiota as a new possible dietary supplement instead of probiotic.
Pegah Rahbarinejad; Maryam Mohamdpour; Mina Minaie; Farideh Nazari; Zahra Abdollahi; Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 6-11
Abstract
One of the most important irresistible world wiles is to supply adequate and appropriate nourishment for children. According to malnutrition spectrum, undernutrition and overnutrition are placed in the two ends of the malnutrition spectrum, which carries on as a key public health issue in developing ...
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One of the most important irresistible world wiles is to supply adequate and appropriate nourishment for children. According to malnutrition spectrum, undernutrition and overnutrition are placed in the two ends of the malnutrition spectrum, which carries on as a key public health issue in developing countries including Iran. Under-nutrition complications including, wasting, stunting and underweight are related to delayed mental development, faltered growth and reduction of intellectual capacity. For 436 participants, anthropometric Z-scores, including weight for height Z-score (WHZ), weight for age Z-score (WAZ), height for age Z score (HAZ), and BMI for age Z-score (BAZ) were added by using Anthro V.3.2.4 and for above 5 years old using Anthro Plus V.1.04 software of the World Health Organization. All of these data classified based on WHO child growth standards guideline. In this study, SPSS was used for statistical analysis. In this interventional study of 2-6 years old children living in Dezful (in the western south part of Iran), among the total study population that surveyed, about %6 had moderate to severe wasting before the intervention which was decreased to about 5% after the intervention. Obesity and overweight did not show a significant difference based on scale. The most remarkable results to emerge from the data is that there was a significant association for the following status: Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), WHZ, WAZ, and BAZ while comparing after intervention with baseline. Whereas, there was no significant association for HAZ which is interpreted as stunting. All of the anthropometric indices were increased after intervention vs baseline. Nutritional education must be conducted more seriously for both healthcare professionals in day care centers and mothers of children. Consequently, intervention program to improve the nutritional status of children aged 2-6 years in day care centers must be promoted and continued to disappear or at least fight against malnutrition. Furthermore, due to no national studies have been planned for the nutritional status of adolescent and adult individuals, in near future, this kind of intervention should be managed for these age groups.
Ali Sadeghi; Hassan Hamedi; Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani; Maryam Fahimdanesh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 12-16
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have been extensively used as colloidal materials for nanoparticles production designed for various purposes, including drug targeting, enhancement of drug bioavailability and protection of drug bioactivity and stability. In particular, poly (lactide‐co‐glycolide) ...
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Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have been extensively used as colloidal materials for nanoparticles production designed for various purposes, including drug targeting, enhancement of drug bioavailability and protection of drug bioactivity and stability. In particular, poly (lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) as a polyester has been FDA approved for human use. In this research, the biodegradable polymeric nanoparticle of casein/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) containing three concentrations of alpha-tocopherol was prepared. The comparative evaluation of these nanoparticles, including morphology, size, zeta potential, entrapment rate, spectroscopy, thermal resistance, and their release profile was carried out. The comparative results suggested that the sizes of derived nanoparticles were between 150 and 350 nanometers. In addition, there was a significant difference between the nanoparticles size and increase in alpha-tocopherol percentage used in this formulation (p<0.05). The accumulated results indicated that the highest entrapment rate belonged to 10 percent of alpha-tocopherol, and higher concentrations decrease the entrapment rate. The using of casein/PLGA can be optimized the characteristics and morphological properties of nanoparticles. The polymeric nanoparticles containing alpha-tocopherol can be used as a biologic preservative to improve drug delivery and consumer health.
Arefeh KhaksarJalali; Amirmehdi Husseini; Mina Minaie; Shahla Mirlashari; Zahra Abdollahi; Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 17-21
Abstract
Pediatric malnutrition is prevalent in developing countries including Iran. One of the most important factors that effects on children growth is nutritious food intake. This study was designed to study the effect of daily ready to use meal in 2-6 years children in daycare centers. 715 children have been ...
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Pediatric malnutrition is prevalent in developing countries including Iran. One of the most important factors that effects on children growth is nutritious food intake. This study was designed to study the effect of daily ready to use meal in 2-6 years children in daycare centers. 715 children have been assessed in this study and weight and height were measured before and after the 6-month intervention with daily ready to use meal. Anthropometric indices compared with WHO standards of 2007. Wasting decreased significantly from 29% to 19% in 2-5 children before and after the intervention, respectively. Also, the underweight prevalence decreased significantly from 27% to 19% in all 2-6 children. Furthermore, the prevalence of wasting and underweight in boys was more than girls. According to BMI/age Z-score, thinness prevalence lowered significantly from 23% to 15%. But height/age Z-score didn’t change significantly. The results of this study showed that nutrition intervention can improve health indicators in children suffering from malnutrition.
Hengameh Shariati Rad; Lida Nejati; Samira Bagheri
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 22-26
Abstract
Children in elementary school ages due to entering the new era of their life are more high risk of facing with wrong food habits that have been associated with noncommunicable diseases. This study was conducted to assess obesity/overweight status and lifestyle behavior (diet, physical activity and screen ...
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Children in elementary school ages due to entering the new era of their life are more high risk of facing with wrong food habits that have been associated with noncommunicable diseases. This study was conducted to assess obesity/overweight status and lifestyle behavior (diet, physical activity and screen time) in 7-12 years children in Buin-Zahra health network. The data of 120 children from “SIB system” was collected in January 2018 as a cross-sectional study. It consisted of weight, height, amount of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and junk foods intake, physical activity and screen time. Z-score for height for age (HAZ), body mass index for age (BAZ) and weight for age (WAZ) were calculated using World Health Organization reference data. Anthropometric assessments revealed obesity (BAZ>2) in 6.6%, thinness (BAZ<-2) in 13.3% and stunting (HAZ<-2) in 4.1% of children. Stunting and thinness were significantly more common in males. Fruit, vegetable and dairy products intake and screen time were more in females. A strong positive correlation between screen time and age was significant at the 0.01 level. There are substantial rates of stunting, thinness, and obesity in 7-12 years children. The results suggest the need for evaluating health caregivers’ educational methods to improve nutritional status in children.
Maryam Aminaei; Fatemeh Karami; Mohsen Marvibaigi; Fattah Sotoodehnejadnematalahi; Maryam Tajabadi Ebrahimi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 27-29
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th human cancer with high morbidity and mortality rate. Owing to the recent finding of anticancer effects of probiotics in various types of human cancers, the current study was conducted to assay the potential of Lactobacillus paracasei as a main microbial ingredient ...
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th human cancer with high morbidity and mortality rate. Owing to the recent finding of anticancer effects of probiotics in various types of human cancers, the current study was conducted to assay the potential of Lactobacillus paracasei as a main microbial ingredient of dairy products in inhibition of HCC cell growth. HepG2 cell line was treated with different concentration of supernatant isolated from L. paracasei strain TD3 and MRL/MRS broth mediums as a negative control. MTT assay was performed to assess cell viability, 24 hours following treatment. MTT results demonstrated a significant decrease in HepG2 cells viability, which was directly correlated with the concentration of bacterial supernatant. Similar to the other human cancers, L. paracasei can be considered as a potential anticancer probiotic in restriction of HCC cells growth. Further studies are needed to clarify active components of L. paracasei supernatant and its potential as adjuvant therapy in HCC patients' treatment, as well.
Mina Kargozari; Hassan Hamedi; Seyyed Amir Amirnia; Ahmad Montazeri; Sara Abbaszadeh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 30-38
Abstract
Active packaging usually means the incorporation of specific compounds with active function beyond the packaging materials to extend the shelf life of the foodstuffs. The aim of this study was the evaluation of active edible coating of sodium alginate (Alg) incorporated with coriander seed essential ...
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Active packaging usually means the incorporation of specific compounds with active function beyond the packaging materials to extend the shelf life of the foodstuffs. The aim of this study was the evaluation of active edible coating of sodium alginate (Alg) incorporated with coriander seed essential oil (CEO) on the shelf life of chicken fillets during cold storage. Overall, MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.5 to 5 (mg/mL) proved that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to CEO than Gram-negative bacteria. Results showed that coatings of Alg had no significant effect on decreasing the microbial load of aerobic mesophilic, psychrotrophic bacteria, lactic acid, coliform bacteria as well as Staphylococcus aureus (p>0.05), while the coating of fillet with Alg/CEO showed a significant difference with the other treatments during 12 days of storage (p<0.05). The results also showed that TVBN, TBARS and peroxide formation in the samples treated by Alg/CEO was significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). Concerning organoleptic properties, the coating of Alg with 0.5% CEO scored higher in the sensory evaluation.
Fatemeh Radkhouy; Samira Soltanieh; Shakiba Solgi; Maedeh Ansari; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, Pages 39-47
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer that results from abnormalities or changes in the genome and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Carnitine is a potent antioxidant that may result in an increase in cellular respiration, apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and inflammation ...
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Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer that results from abnormalities or changes in the genome and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Carnitine is a potent antioxidant that may result in an increase in cellular respiration, apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and inflammation of tumor cells by various mechanisms. The present study was conducted to summarize the effects of carnitine on the treatment or prevention of colorectal cancer. The review was conducted with the following words "L-carnitine" in combination with colorectal cancer, neoplasm, colon, rectum, apoptosis, inflammation and precancerous lesions among animal and in vitro studies. From six interventional studies investigated in this article, one of them was performed on two groups of mice having precancerous lesions and macroscopic colonic tumors divided into AOM and APC groups and five other studies on adenocarcinoma cell lines of NCOL-1, Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480. One of them also was performed on DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis mouse model. These studies reported significant increment in the amount of the fatty acid transportation into the mitochondria; generation of mitochondrial superoxide anions (O2-), apoptosis and cell death in cells which were exposed by L-carnitine. An increment was also observed in pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase, Bak and Bax and reduction in anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-Xl. In these studies, cellular inflammation which was associated with products of the cyclooxygenase enzyme pathway, and cancer cell proliferation was reduced as well and there was an increment in DNA fragmentation. The aberrant crypt foci development and pre-cancerous lesions were significantly inhibited by carnitine in the colons of the studied mice but did not exert protective effects on their intestinal tumors. L-carnitine may have potential anticancer effects and inhibits the progression of macroscopic and pre-cancerous tumors and prevents the growth and proliferation of cancerous cells.
