Amir Hossein Elhami Rad; Atefeh Ghorbani; Leila Nateghi; Mohammad Hossein Haddad Khodaparast; Fatemeh Zarei
Abstract
In this study, the structure and physicochemical properties of mucilage extracted from Malva flowers were investigated. The mucilage suspension contains large particles with low polydispersity showing low stability due to low zeta potential. The morphology of particles indicates polyhedral ...
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In this study, the structure and physicochemical properties of mucilage extracted from Malva flowers were investigated. The mucilage suspension contains large particles with low polydispersity showing low stability due to low zeta potential. The morphology of particles indicates polyhedral monodisperse particles. The predominantly present element is potassium and the most important functional group by FTIR is carboxylate at the wavelength of 1623cm-1 and 1407 cm-1, pyranose vibratory ring at 1256cm-1, and 1062cm-1, and Beta configuration at 780 cm-1 and 618 cm-1. Results of NMR also suggested the presence of sugars in the mucilage. Its low enthalpy (193.27J/g) is due to the presence of ordered granules. Also, a high glass transfer temperature (95.4°C) indicates a high crystallization rate thus a stable structure and heat–resistant granules.
Reihaneh Jahangiri; Hassan Hamedi; Hamed Ahari
Abstract
The use of new preservation methods based on natural substances of plant and animal origin in food is expanding. Edible coatings can improve the quality of fresh and frozen products such as fish by preventing microbial growth, and decreasing lipid oxidation and moisture loss. The aim ...
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The use of new preservation methods based on natural substances of plant and animal origin in food is expanding. Edible coatings can improve the quality of fresh and frozen products such as fish by preventing microbial growth, and decreasing lipid oxidation and moisture loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the edible coating of chitosan (0 and 2%), Baneh gum (0, 1 and 2 %), propolis extract (0, 1 and 2%), and nanoemulsion of ginger essential oil (0, 0.5 and 1 %) on the shelf life of fresh salmon fillets during 12 days refrigeration. The results showed that the coating had a significant effect on reducing the total count, psychrophilic bacteria, coliforms, and Pseudomonas count during storage. Also, coated samples showed lower pH and peroxide values than uncoated, but the coating had little effect on reducing thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and total volatile nitrogen (TVBN) values. During the sensory evaluation, it was found that the chitosan coating with Baneh gum can maintain or improve the sensory properties and extend the shelf life of refrigerated fish.
Mohaddeseh Asafari; Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani; Hassan Hamedi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 8-16
Abstract
Signs and marks in packaging have an important role in marketing and identification of the products. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the inclusion of this information and its compliance with the criteria established by the Food and Drug Administration to identify errors and ...
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Signs and marks in packaging have an important role in marketing and identification of the products. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the inclusion of this information and its compliance with the criteria established by the Food and Drug Administration to identify errors and frauds. In this descriptive-analytical study, 272 samples of dairy products were selected, and their labels were photographed, then the information investigated with documents in Food and Drug Administration and the general guidelines of food and beverages. Finally, data were analyzed with SPSS software and chi-square tests. Based on the results of this study, it was found that in general, 4%, 7%, 1.1%, 11%, 8.4%, 25% and 18% of the products presented in Tehran were respectively. The defects did not have the weight net, license number, production date and expiration of the product and the ingredients (same percentage), batch number, storage conditions, instructions for preparation, and the requirements and health recommendations. In nutritional claims, most claims were related to fat, salt and fiber and 7.7% of the products contained claims for health. 45.2% of the samples have descriptive statements, that 18.15% were unauthorized. 14% of the samples lack traffic lights nutrition and 39% did not have a nutrition facts table. Also, 9.9% of the samples were illegible and were not read clearly. Food labels are a tool for measuring the health of products and will have a significant role in reducing NCD. This study reveals the more rigorous monitoring of food labels.
Fatemeh Karami; Mahsa Shahnazari; Asa Ebrahimi; Mahmood Khosrowchahli
Abstract
Anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects of American and European Cranberries have been previously shown on different cancer cells. Owing to the limited evidence on growth conditions and anticancer potentials of the Iranian Vaccinium genus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos, it was aimed ...
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Anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects of American and European Cranberries have been previously shown on different cancer cells. Owing to the limited evidence on growth conditions and anticancer potentials of the Iranian Vaccinium genus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos, it was aimed to investigate its effect on colorectal cancer cells. In this regard, Vaccinium arctostaphylos was cultured in Woody Plant Medium (WPM) following incubation at 27°C in cycles of light and darkness. Callogenesis was induced using growth mediums containing different concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), yeast extract, and Kinetin. Total polyphenol and antioxidant activity of prepared extracts from wet and dried callus and air-dried fruit was measured through the Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH assay, respectively. Various concentrations (0-500 µgr/ml) of fruit and callus extracts were examined on HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells. MTT assay was employed to determine the cytotoxicity of fruit and callus extracts. Obtained data were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism V7.04. The size and weight of the obtained callus were significantly dependent on the concentrations of 2,4-D, yeast extract, and Kinetin. Dry callus has been found to have the highest amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity. HCT-116 cell death rate (20.5%) was demonstrated to be the most for dry callus at the concentration of 400 µg/ml. However, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was not achieved for none of Vaccinium arctostaphylos fruit or callus, Present evidence on cancer cell death can pave the way towards further assessment of anti-inflammatory and cancer cell cytotoxicity of the Iranian Cranberry genus.
Nadia Ahmadi; Negin Ahmadi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 17-20
Abstract
Doogh is considered a good carrier for the transfer of nutritious compounds, and also olive leaf is one of the nutritional requirements of experts, which can be used to enrich food products to improve human health and prevent or reduce disease. The effect of adding olive leaves before and after fermentation ...
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Doogh is considered a good carrier for the transfer of nutritious compounds, and also olive leaf is one of the nutritional requirements of experts, which can be used to enrich food products to improve human health and prevent or reduce disease. The effect of adding olive leaves before and after fermentation on pH, acidity, corrosive microorganisms, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and sensory evaluation of the samples were evaluated. The enriched specimens were examined in the refrigerator during the 21-day storage time. The results showed that all samples enriched with different concentrations of olive leaves were acceptable and lower concentrations of treatments had more favorable sensory properties and at higher concentrations due to bitter taste and taste, the herb was diminished from sample acceptance. The number of L. bulgaricus colonies were significantly decreased during the maintenance period. The amount of this bacterium on the first day was the highest and did not have a significant effect on the Lactobacillus colonies by increasing the concentration of olive leaves. The survival of S. thermophilus in the enriched samples were not significantly different from that of the control sample and were not affected by the time and concentration of the olive leaves. Also, the addition of them in both the pre- and post-fermentation process did not have a significant effect in the number of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus colonies. The addition of olive leaf did not affect the viability and growth of starter microorganisms and was similar to the control sample. The microbial condition of the sample was examined for the presence of corrosive and pathogenic microorganisms during the storage of 21 days in a refrigerator. The addition of olive leaves before and after the process did not affect the microbial status of the sample.
Elham Yourdkhani; Afshin Jafarpour
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 19-23
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Alcea rosea extracts on the physicochemical, antioxidant properties of ketchup sauce. To achieve this goal, aqueous and ethanolic extracts, separately, were added to the ketchup formulation at three levels of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8%, ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Alcea rosea extracts on the physicochemical, antioxidant properties of ketchup sauce. To achieve this goal, aqueous and ethanolic extracts, separately, were added to the ketchup formulation at three levels of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8%, as well as some traits of the samples, were tested. The results showed that the acidity was ranged from 2.3-3.2.40%. The different levels of extracts had not a significant effect on the acidity, brightness, and TSS. The total phenol content, followed by a significant enhancement in antioxidant activity and retention of vitamin C (p<0.05). The total phenol, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity of samples containing aqueous extract were significantly higher than ethanolic extract. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that samples containing 0.2% and 0.5% aqueous extract had similar sensory acceptance to the control. Taste and odor scores of other treatments were not different from the control, but their color and overall acceptance scores were significantly lower than the control. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that extracts, (especially aqueous extract), have significant pragmatic activity and can be used as natural antioxidants to better preserve vitamin C in ketchup sauce.
Leila Nateghi
Abstract
Date syrup is healthy food for consumers especially people with diabetes because of its minerals, high amount of natural sugars such as fructose and glucose, and low percentage of sucrose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sugar replacement with date syrup on ...
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Date syrup is healthy food for consumers especially people with diabetes because of its minerals, high amount of natural sugars such as fructose and glucose, and low percentage of sucrose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sugar replacement with date syrup on the physicochemical and sensory properties of quince jam. Date syrup at concentrations of 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, and 100% w/w was used in place of sucrose in the formulation of quince jam. As the concentration of date syrup increased, pH, Brix, viscosity, and calories decreased and acidity increased. With increasing concentration of date syrup, L* index decreased significantly (p≤0.05). The results of the sensory evaluation showed that the replacement of sugar with 50% of date syrup resulted in improved sensory properties as compared to control, however at higher concentrations it caused dark color and sour taste in the product. The sample containing 100% date syrup had the lowest calorie and the highest protein content as compared to other treatments, so it could be desirable in terms of nutritional and health properties. The addition of date syrup in place of sugar up to 50% improved the sensory properties of quince jam when compared to control, therefore it was selected as the superior treatment for sensory and health properties
Vahid Ranaei; Soudabeh Yarmohammadi; Leyla Alizadeh; Sakineh Dadipoor; Zahra Pilevar; Teamur Aghamolaei
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 21-27
Abstract
One sixth of the diseases in all countries of the world are found to be caused by malnutrition and improper food selection at different times and under various conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interventions based on the protection motivation theory on healthy eating behaviors ...
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One sixth of the diseases in all countries of the world are found to be caused by malnutrition and improper food selection at different times and under various conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interventions based on the protection motivation theory on healthy eating behaviors in a systematic way. All articles were systematically retrieved from information sources, including Persian databases of Iran-Medex and SID as well as English databases as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords were as follows: healthy eating behavior, protection motivation theory, behavior, healthy nutrition and intervention. In the first search, 247 articles were obtained. After reviewing them in terms of the inclusion criteria, 8 articles were included in this study. The duration of the intervention was between 1 week and 24 months and the nutritional behaviors of the individuals were studied during this period. Lectures, questions and answers, the use of telephone calls and paper educational messages, and food were often used in the context of information transfer. The results indicate the effectiveness of protection motivation theory on improving the nutritional behaviors of individuals. The results of the previous intervention studies indicated that the greater the perceived barriers to protective behavior, the less motivated a person in performing protective behaviors. A positive and statistically significant correlation was also found between self-efficacy and protection motivation in the investigated studies
Zahra Khoshdouni Farahani
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 24-27
Abstract
Soy beverages are widely used in the world, but due to the unpleasant taste and smell, they need to be combined with fruit juices, plant extracts, and fruits. Therefore, jujube extract which is rich in phenolic and antioxidant compounds was used in this work. On the other hand, Persian gum ...
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Soy beverages are widely used in the world, but due to the unpleasant taste and smell, they need to be combined with fruit juices, plant extracts, and fruits. Therefore, jujube extract which is rich in phenolic and antioxidant compounds was used in this work. On the other hand, Persian gum is considered a native gum and stabilizes the beverage. So, soy protein isolates and Persian gum-based functional beverage enriched with jujube extract was investigated in this study. The formulations were evaluated with ratios of 1% and 3% of Persian gum and with ratios of 1.5% and 3% of soy protein isolate. The evaluation included pH, Brix, turbidity, sedimentation, viscosity, and sensory properties. The outcomes showed that the highest viscosity was related to D beverage containing the highest amount of soy protein and Persian gum and also, a vice versa relation between the spindle round and viscosity was observed and so that increasing the speed to 100 rpm led to a decrease in viscosity. Moreover, the highest pH and turbidity were seen in the D beverage and this had the lowest amount of sedimentation after the C beverage. The effect of different amounts of Persian gum and soy protein on sensory evaluation was quite evident and the best features were observed in C beverage.
Seyed Alireza Kasaiyan; Negin Noori; Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti; Ali Khanjari
Abstract
Antimicrobial packaging is an innovative active packaging, especially for meat and meat products. The present study has been carried out with the objective of prolonging the shelf life of chicken meat by using gelatin-chitosan (GC) film containing different concentrations of Cinnamon ...
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Antimicrobial packaging is an innovative active packaging, especially for meat and meat products. The present study has been carried out with the objective of prolonging the shelf life of chicken meat by using gelatin-chitosan (GC) film containing different concentrations of Cinnamon zeylanicum essential oil (CZEO) (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9% v/v) at the refrigerated condition for 12 days. The obtained results indicated that the microbial count of samples wrapped with the films incorporated with the CZEO was significantly lower than control and remained below the acceptable limit of meat (7 log CFU/g). The total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) was 7.11 mg/100 g and after 6 days reached 30.18 mg/100 g in control, whereas it was lower than 25 mg/100 g for samples wrapped with GC films containing 0.6% and 0.9% CZEO. Compared with the control sample, the levels of peroxide value (POV) of the wrapped samples with GC films incorporated CZEO at 0.3%, 0.6 and 0.9% were decreased by 2.07, 3.23, and 3.4 meq peroxide oxygen/1000 g lipid, respectively, at the end of storage time. As a result, the integration of CZEO into GC film can extend the shelf life of the chicken meat in refrigerated conditions for at least 12 days without any unfavorable organoleptic properties
Zahra Khoshdouni Farahani
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 28-34
Abstract
The species of Arctium lappa L. roots and Polygonum aviculare L. grass have various therapeutic properties in traditional medicine in East Asian countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three methods of extracting extracts by ultrasonic bath, maceration, and soxhlet to ...
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The species of Arctium lappa L. roots and Polygonum aviculare L. grass have various therapeutic properties in traditional medicine in East Asian countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three methods of extracting extracts by ultrasonic bath, maceration, and soxhlet to determine phenolic compounds of Arctium lappa L. roots and Polygonum aviculare L. grass using water and 50% ethanol and the evaluation of extraction efficiency of their extract. The results showed that in the ultrasonic bath extraction method, ethanolic extract of Arctium lappa L. root had the highest content of phenolic compounds (976 mg equivalent to Gallic acid per gram of dry sample), and the highest extraction efficiency in this method was related to Polygonum aviculare L. grass when using both solvents (14%). In the maceration extraction method, the ethanolic extract of Arctium lappa L. root showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (976 mg equivalent to Gallic acid per gram of dry sample), and the highest extraction efficiency in this method was related to the Polygonum aviculare L. grass extracted with water (12%). Also, in the Soxhlet extraction method, ethanolic extract of Arctium lappa L. root showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (578 mg equivalent of gallic acid per gram of dry sample), and the highest extraction efficiency in this method was related to the Polygonum aviculare L. grass extracted with ethanol (18/16%). The content of extraction of bioactive compounds based on the type of solvent, the method, and the type of plant used were significantly different from each other and 50% ethanol solvent was the best solvent for extracting the desired compounds. Arctium lappa L. roots also had the highest phenolic composition and extraction by maceration, soxhlet, and ultrasonic bath methods had the most significant effect on the extraction of phenolic compounds, respectively.
Khatereh Nejadasgari Chokami; Vahid Abdossi; Saeed Samavat; Alireza Ladan Moghadam; Pezhman Moradi
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 28-32
Abstract
This research was carried out in Pakdasht private greenhouse, to evaluate the effect of putrescine, spermine, and spermidine on the quantity of Basil under conditions of salt stress as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design with three replications in ...
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This research was carried out in Pakdasht private greenhouse, to evaluate the effect of putrescine, spermine, and spermidine on the quantity of Basil under conditions of salt stress as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design with three replications in 2016-2017. The treatments included the application of putrescine, spermine, and spermidine at levels 4 (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg/l), salinity stress at four levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM), and control treatment (distill water). The results showed that the interaction effects between polyamines, salinity, and concentration on Potassium, Phosphorus, Calcium, Manganese, Manganese Zinc, Iron, Cupper content, was statistically significant at 1% level. K, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu content raised in all polyamine treatments. Interaction and simultaneous exposure of 150 mg/l spermidine and low salinity had a positive effect on all the studied plant traces. In addition, the findings indicated that the concentration of 150 mM sodium chloride solution reduced the mentioned traits. However, spermidine improved this condition and symptoms of stress and damages were less observed in spermidine-treated plants. Therefore, it seems that the enhancement synthesis of compounds in plant tissues acts as a health activator in the human body.
Mahtab Sotoudeh; Hafez Goudarzi; Behnood Abbasi
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) causes various metabolic disorders depending on the individual's genetic background. It can be detected up to 10-15 years before a person develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes is projected to increase from 8.4% in 2017 to 9.9% in 2045. ...
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Insulin resistance (IR) causes various metabolic disorders depending on the individual's genetic background. It can be detected up to 10-15 years before a person develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes is projected to increase from 8.4% in 2017 to 9.9% in 2045. Garlic has been used as herbal medicine. It has various biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidants. The present study aims to investigate the impact of garlic on IR and other indices of glucose metabolism. Electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Science Information Database (SID), and publisher databases such as Elsevier, SpringerLink, and Wiley Online Library were searched till February 2022. Search terms involved “garlic” OR “Allium sativum” OR “alliin” OR “allicin” in combination with “fasting blood glucose” OR “fasting plasma glucose” OR “fasting blood sugar” OR “insulin resistance” OR “fasting insulin” OR “homeostasis assessment model” OR “HOMA” AND “polycystic ovary syndrome” OR “diabetes mellitus” OR “type 2 diabetes mellitus” OR “metabolic syndrome” OR “nonalcoholic fatty liver disease” OR “cardiovascular diseases”. After reviewing the databases mentioned seven articles were identified for this review. Totally, 459 participants including 228 women and 231 men, enrolled in the trials. Assessing the findings of these articles indicates that garlic has a positive effect on IR, plasma insulin, and fasting glucose. The hypoglycemic action of garlic is related to its sulfur-containing compounds which directly or indirectly stimulate insulin secretion. Also, allicin in garlic can combine with endogenous thiol-containing molecules which can release insulin from inactivation.
Ramesh Faghihi; Kambiz Larijani; Vahid Abdossi; Pezhman Moradi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 35-39
Abstract
The increasing need for enhanced fresh food shelf life, as well as require of protection against forborne diseases, stimulate the growth of antimicrobial food packaging. Among the most impressive ways, the mixture of organic-inorganic, packaging, i.e. polymer inserted metal nanoparticles demonstrate ...
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The increasing need for enhanced fresh food shelf life, as well as require of protection against forborne diseases, stimulate the growth of antimicrobial food packaging. Among the most impressive ways, the mixture of organic-inorganic, packaging, i.e. polymer inserted metal nanoparticles demonstrate to be extremely, useful. Silver nanoparticles, particularly, have antimicrobial, anti-fungi, anti-yeasts, and anti-viral activities and can be joined with both non-degradable and edible polymers for fresh packaging. The present application of AgNPs in fresh vegetable packaging is arranged by EU and USA food safety authorities carefully, due to the incapability to make certain bulletin on their toxicity. Hence, their use is figuring out in terms of Ag+ transformation into the packed food. This study was done to determine the effect of plastics embedded silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppm on some cucumber postharvest traits. In addition, it was examined the evaluation of the efficacy of AgNPs-containing hybrid materials to assure fresh vegetable safety. The results indicated that plastic bags were made successfully and 60 ppm concentration of silver nanoparticles was more effective than all other treatments on postharvest characters. Soluble solids concentration, TSS, Vitamin C, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, and K, is significantly affected by using bags. Cucumbers shelf life is relatively long, lasting 21 days whereas control was 13 days. In addition, the highest level of silver penetration (1.99±0.002 ppb) in exocarp, (0.25±0.006 ppb) in mesocarp, and (0.30±0.006 ppb) in endocarp was associated with the treatment of 60 ppm silver nanoparticles in cucumber. So, these bags could be used for increasing shelf life in cucumber.
Abdoreza Aghajani; Shaghayegh Khorasani; Nasrin Choobkar
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 35-43
Abstract
In this research, nitrite was partially replaced with different concentrations of Berberis vulgaris and Rosmarinus officinalis (0, 30, 60, 90 mg/kg) extracts in the unfermented sausage. Samples were kept at refrigerator temperature and physicochemical and organoleptic evaluations of treatments were performed. ...
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In this research, nitrite was partially replaced with different concentrations of Berberis vulgaris and Rosmarinus officinalis (0, 30, 60, 90 mg/kg) extracts in the unfermented sausage. Samples were kept at refrigerator temperature and physicochemical and organoleptic evaluations of treatments were performed. The findings showed an increase in moisture and ash content and a decrease in fat and protein content, and IC50 by increasing the storage time. The highest level of antioxidant activity was reported for treatment with 90 mg/kg R. officinalis extract. As for sensory properties, 60 mg/kg treatment showed the highest sensory score after the control sample; however, 30 mg/kg treatment had the highest score in terms of consistency after the control sample. It can be concluded that 60 mg/kg R. officinalis extract has a better potential to improve the qualitative characteristics of unfermented sausage and it can be a proper substitute for decreasing the nitrite in sausage formulations.
Melika Farzaneh; Vajiheh Fadaei-Noghani; Hassan Gandomi
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 38-41
Abstract
In this study the effect of incorporation of aqueous extract of Agave tequilana (AEAT) on viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated. No reduction of cell viability was seen in any treatment groups of L. acidophilus during the storage time. A statistically significant ...
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In this study the effect of incorporation of aqueous extract of Agave tequilana (AEAT) on viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated. No reduction of cell viability was seen in any treatment groups of L. acidophilus during the storage time. A statistically significant increase in L. acidophilus count was found in synbiotic yogurt samples containing 1 and 1.5% concentrations of the extract at day 21 of storage compared to the first day (p <0.05). The viability of B. bifidum remained unchanged in control probiotic yogurt during the storage, while there was a viability increase of 1, 1.2 and 2.4 log cycles in synbiotic yogurt samples containing 0.5, 1 and 1.5% concentrations of the extract during the storage, respectively. The final pH at day 21 ranged from 3.98-4.15. The pH of all yogurt samples was decreased as a function of time, while no statistically difference in pH was seen between different groups (p>0.05). All the yogurt samples revealed an increase in titratable acidity as a function of storage time. In conclusion, as the results of this study indicated improvement of probiotic bacteria in yogurt incorporated with AEAT, its potential application as a functional food formulation is recommended.
Hadi Monji; Pegah Rahbarinejad
Volume 2, Issue 3 , December 2019, , Pages 39-42
Abstract
Fish and seafood are rich in many nutrients, including proteins, amino acids, vitamins, and omega-3 essential fatty acids. Fish are also a rich source of calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, potassium, sodium, and iodine. Hence, this study aims to assess the macroelement (Na, K, Ca, Mg, and P) content of ...
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Fish and seafood are rich in many nutrients, including proteins, amino acids, vitamins, and omega-3 essential fatty acids. Fish are also a rich source of calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, potassium, sodium, and iodine. Hence, this study aims to assess the macroelement (Na, K, Ca, Mg, and P) content of liver and muscle in the wild and farmed Capoeta damascina and its beneficial health for the local consumer. Macroelements were investigated in the farmed and wild fish (C. damascina) from Armand River in Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari province, Iran, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Also, Daily Value % for all macroelements was assessed. Potassium was the most abundant macroelement in tissues of both fish species, whereas sodium was the lowest. There was a significant difference between calcium, magnesium, and potassium in comparing elements content between liver and muscle. However, there was no significant difference in the phosphorus and sodium content. The calcium content of farmed tissues was higher than wild tissues. However, it was not any significant difference in levels of phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, and sodium between wild and farmed fish. Also, both wild and farmed fish were excellent sources of phosphorus and good sources of magnesium. Both farmed and wild fish muscle are good sources for phosphorous and magnesium that may reach beneficial health for the local consumers. Farming of C. damascina suggested to less capturing of wild C. damascina for reserving the ecosystem.
Behnood Abbasi; Paniz Ahmadi; Bita Shadbakht; Elnaz Zirak Sharkesh
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder in elderly which is characterized by a bone density of 2.5 standard deviation lower than young adults. Diet may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship ...
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Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder in elderly which is characterized by a bone density of 2.5 standard deviation lower than young adults. Diet may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship between major dietary patterns and osteoporosis in Iranian postmenopausal women.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 440 postmenopausal women in Tehran using convenient sampling which included of 220 cases and 220 controls. Demographic and anthropometric data, medical history, physical activity and usual dietary intake were collected through interviews. A 147 items Food Frequency Questionnaire were used to assess dietary patterns. Level of physical activity and nutrient intake between the two groups were compared. Principal components approach (PCA) was used to determine dominant dietary patterns.
Results: Two dominant dietary patterns (mixed dietary pattern and western dietary pattern) were identified using 33 food groups. There was a significant difference in nutritional status and physical activity between the case and control groups. After adjusting for the effect of possible confounding variables (Model 4), those in the second category of the Western dietary pattern were significantly more likely to have osteoporosis than in the first category (OR=3.87/CI=13-7.03).
Conclusion: Western dietary pattern was strongly associated with increased risk of osteoporosis. In addition, no association was found between mixed dietary patterns and osteoporosis.
Ali Khanjari; Ramin Khorrami; Afshin Akhondzadeh basti
Abstract
In this study, the combined effect of Bacillus coagulans and a mixture of potassium chloride and yeast extract on microbial, physicochemical, and sensory properties of vegetable sausage (probiotic and with reduced salt content) during four weeks of refrigerated storage was investigated. The viable count ...
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In this study, the combined effect of Bacillus coagulans and a mixture of potassium chloride and yeast extract on microbial, physicochemical, and sensory properties of vegetable sausage (probiotic and with reduced salt content) during four weeks of refrigerated storage was investigated. The viable count of Bacillus coagulans in probiotic vegetable sausage containing potassium chloride solution and 1% and 2% yeast extract was 8.34 log CFU / g for both groups on the first day and reached 7.2 and 7.42 log CFU / g, respectively after four weeks of storage. Adding the mixture of potassium chloride and 1% yeast extract in probiotic sausage compared to probiotic sausage without the mixture of potassium chloride and yeast extract, improved the survival of Bacillus coagulans by about 0.2 log CFU / g, while the use of 2% Yeast extract compared to 1%, improved probiotic bacteria viability count about 0.22 log CFU / g. Also, adding probiotic bacteria and the mixture of potassium chloride and yeast extract to the vegetable sausage increased and then decreased the pH of the product during the storage period and on the day 28 for probiotic samples without potassium chloride and yeast extract and probiotic sausage samples containing a mixture of 1% potassium chloride and 2% yeast extract reached 5.75, 5.73 and 5.7, respectively. Potassium chloride and yeast extract improved the taste score and overall acceptance while the color characteristics of the product decreased. In general, the results showed that in addition to reducing the sodium content of the product by replacing its salt with potassium chloride, yeast extract improved the survival of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus coagulans and reduced pH in Refrigerated storage time as well as improving sensory properties related to taste, color and overall acceptance of vegetable sausages.
