Fatemeh Hedayati Rad; Anousheh Sharifan
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 31-36
Abstract
Xylitol is a pentahydroxypentane, which has high functional properties in food and drug industries. Biotechnology method has been investigated to overcome the drawbacks of xylitol chemical manufacturing. The effect of temperature, agitation speed, pH, and xylose concentration variables on xylitol production ...
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Xylitol is a pentahydroxypentane, which has high functional properties in food and drug industries. Biotechnology method has been investigated to overcome the drawbacks of xylitol chemical manufacturing. The effect of temperature, agitation speed, pH, and xylose concentration variables on xylitol production by Candida kefyr (ATCC 38296) was studied. The qualitative and quantitative of produced xylitol were evaluated by thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The process optimization was done using response surface methodology (RSM) combine statistical experimental factorial designs. The 3D plots of xylitol production were proven to have the dependency and interaction between variables. The predicted results were close to the experimental results, which showed that the quadratic equation obtained from RSM was efficient. The dependency of xylitol yield on the interaction between variables was proven. Optimal levels of process variable were temperature of 28.15ºC, agitation speed of 132.34 rpm, pH value of 6.05, and xylose concentration of 58.90 g/L. On the third day of fermentation, the maximum yield was achieved (15.88 g/L). This is the first report of producing xylitol by Candida kefyr which has strong potential for bioconversion of xylose to xylitol with maximum yield and properties. This natural polyalcohol has desirable physicochemical and functional properties either in foods or in medicines.
Vahid Ranaei; Leyla Alizadeh; Zahra Pilevar; Teamur Aghamolaei; Hedayat Hosseini
Abstract
At the beginning of 2020, a new coronavirus, namely SARS-CoV-2, has started to spread worldwide leading to the so-called COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to review the effectiveness of disinfectants in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, after ...
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At the beginning of 2020, a new coronavirus, namely SARS-CoV-2, has started to spread worldwide leading to the so-called COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to review the effectiveness of disinfectants in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, after an introduction to the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of disinfectants in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed. To identify the articles, English databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and PubMed from December 2020 to November 2020 were examined using keywords. There is also a manual search in journals, a collection of abstracts in conferences, and conferences and dissertations. Hand hygiene is a well-accepted principle in preventing the transmission of most infectious diseases. Given that many formulations of sanitizers can be effective against COVID-19, it may alter the integrity and function of the skin barrier and increase the risk of dermatitis on the hands.
Mohsen Mokhtarian; Ahmad Kalbasi-Ashtari; Hassan Hamedi
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 26-32
Abstract
Mentha piperita L., known as mint or peppermint used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. Although different techniques have been studied for drying mint leaves, there is not enough information on solar drying of peppermint (especially the Persian variety) in the literature. ...
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Mentha piperita L., known as mint or peppermint used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. Although different techniques have been studied for drying mint leaves, there is not enough information on solar drying of peppermint (especially the Persian variety) in the literature. In this study, thin layers of peppermint leaves were dehydrated evenly with three methods of shade (MI), sun (MII), and solar heat collector (MIII). The air temperature rise and drying time in I, II, and III were (1, 5, and 18ºC) and (880, 300, and 150 min), respectively. The particle size, porosity, and rehydration rate of peppermint dried in III were significantly higher than those dried with I and II. While the overall color (∆E) of peppermint dried in I and III did not change, the greenish index and chlorophyll of peppermint dried in II were ~21% and ~15% less than those in III because it was exposed to direct sunlight radiation. The peppermint dried with III had lower bulk density, higher sensory attributes (minty aroma, flavor, cooling mouthfeel, and visual color), and overall acceptance scores than II and I. The solar dryer produced high quality dehydrated peppermint with renewable energy and without environmental contamination.
Maryam Aminaei; Fatemeh Karami; Mohsen Marvibaigi; Fattah Sotoodehnejadnematalahi; Maryam Tajabadi Ebrahimi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 27-29
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th human cancer with high morbidity and mortality rate. Owing to the recent finding of anticancer effects of probiotics in various types of human cancers, the current study was conducted to assay the potential of Lactobacillus paracasei as a main microbial ingredient ...
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th human cancer with high morbidity and mortality rate. Owing to the recent finding of anticancer effects of probiotics in various types of human cancers, the current study was conducted to assay the potential of Lactobacillus paracasei as a main microbial ingredient of dairy products in inhibition of HCC cell growth. HepG2 cell line was treated with different concentration of supernatant isolated from L. paracasei strain TD3 and MRL/MRS broth mediums as a negative control. MTT assay was performed to assess cell viability, 24 hours following treatment. MTT results demonstrated a significant decrease in HepG2 cells viability, which was directly correlated with the concentration of bacterial supernatant. Similar to the other human cancers, L. paracasei can be considered as a potential anticancer probiotic in restriction of HCC cells growth. Further studies are needed to clarify active components of L. paracasei supernatant and its potential as adjuvant therapy in HCC patients' treatment, as well.
Maryam Mohamadi Narab; Fereydoun Siassi; Fariba Koohdani
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 28-34
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities which result in dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death in the world, and diet plays a major role in those disease incidences, especially through lipid oxidation mechanisms. This, in turn, leads to tissue inflammation ...
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Diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities which result in dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death in the world, and diet plays a major role in those disease incidences, especially through lipid oxidation mechanisms. This, in turn, leads to tissue inflammation and the formation of atheromatous plaques. Our objective was to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the incidence of dyslipidemia or its subclasses. We included 599 T2DM patients (276 men and 323 women), aged 35 to 65 years from diabetes referral centers, including Gabric Diabetes Association, Iranian Diabetes Society, and other health centers in Tehran. The lipid profiles in serum were measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII) was computed using a validated 148-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The DII score ranged between - 4.85 and 5.46 and its mean and standard deviation (SD) was (-0.02±1.65). Younger individuals had higher adherence to the inflammatory diet (p≤0.001). Moreover, in the higher quartiles of DII, lower levels of physical activities were seen (p=0.005). There were no significant differences in the distribution of BMI, waist circumference, or lipid profile across DII quartiles. In the overall analysis, no significant association was observed between DII and lipid profile in the crude model, but after adjusting for confounders (age, gender, BMI, physical activity, and energy intake), the DII score was found to be positively associated with total cholesterol (β=3.123, SE=1.478, p=0.035) in all participants. A pro-inflammatory diet, as measured by a higher DII score, was prospectively associated with a higher level of total cholesterol in serum. This result may shed a light on the prevention of incidence dyslipidemia and CVD in diabetic patients by intervention in dietary patterns.
Raheleh Kamalzadeh Yazdi; Ghazaleh Shakeri; Motahareh Hatami Marbini; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2018, , Pages 29-34
Abstract
Diabetes is a progressive chronic disease and is considered as an important health problem, which has increased in recent years. The prevalence of diabetes in the Middle East in 2015 was 35.4 million, which more than 4.6 million people were in Iran. In this review, we specifically tried to summarize ...
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Diabetes is a progressive chronic disease and is considered as an important health problem, which has increased in recent years. The prevalence of diabetes in the Middle East in 2015 was 35.4 million, which more than 4.6 million people were in Iran. In this review, we specifically tried to summarize the results of clinical trials on the effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profile and inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetic patients. In this review, three interventional studies were included to evaluate the effect of Selenium supplementation on metabolic parameters. Serum insulin concentration and insulin resistance index were significantly reduced in two of the studies. Fasting plasma glucose and HDL cholesterol concentrations significantly increased in one study while in other studies no significant changes were observed. One of the studies showed a significant reduction in inflammatory Indicators and antioxidant capacity, one study also showed a significant decrease in lipid profiles. Selenium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes may have adverse effects on blood glucose homeostasis. However, it may improve lipid profile and antioxidant capacity and reduces inflammatory mediators in these patients. Therefore, in spite of the negative effects of glucose homeostasis with regard to the positive effects seen, further investigations are needed to evaluate the final effect of selenium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Leyla Alizadeh; Khadije Abdolmaleki; Kooshan Nayebzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 29-34
Abstract
Minarine is a cream obtained by mixture of animal cream and vegetable oils. Fat crystallization is the main stage in the production of this product and affects its mouth-feel, stability, texture, and appearance. Processing conditions influencing the fat crystallization, partial coalescence, and finally ...
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Minarine is a cream obtained by mixture of animal cream and vegetable oils. Fat crystallization is the main stage in the production of this product and affects its mouth-feel, stability, texture, and appearance. Processing conditions influencing the fat crystallization, partial coalescence, and finally physical and structural properties of whipped cream are heat treatment (pasteurization and sterilization), homogenization, cooling rate, aging process, tempering, and temperature, time and speed of whipping. The objective of this study is to characterize the effects of fast cooling by ice cream maker to 5 ºC and aging process at this temperature for 24 hours, on whipping, rheological, textural, crystallographic and thermal properties of frozen minarine. Results illustrated that the most desirable whipping properties (overrun=114.8% and syneresis=3.6mm) and the highest rheological and textural properties, γLVR (0.33), G' (40850 Pa), and firmness (642 g), were belonged to sample FCA due to the formation of the denser crystalline network resulting from fast cooling and aging process. Wide-angle X-ray scattering spectra shows that α -crystals were mainly formed upon fast cooling then, a transition from α to β'-crystals took place during aging process. Also, according to differential scanning calorimetric results, the endothermal peak temperature was shifted to higher temperatures due to fast cooling and aging processes.
Zahra Soleiman Ahari; Mostafa Nasirzadeh; Mohammad Asadpour; Leili Mazar
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 31-35
Abstract
Healthy eating habits in childhood and adolescence prevent many chronic diseases and some types of cancer in adulthood. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate factors affecting fruit and vegetable consumption among female students in Rafsanjan (Southern Iran), based on the social cognitive ...
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Healthy eating habits in childhood and adolescence prevent many chronic diseases and some types of cancer in adulthood. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate factors affecting fruit and vegetable consumption among female students in Rafsanjan (Southern Iran), based on the social cognitive theory (SCT). This study was performed on 516 female students (7th-9th grade) in 2018. The data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and fruits and vegetable consumption behavior assessment and its determinants based on SCT. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software and independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation test, and multivariate regression analysis at a significant level of 0.05. The average fruit intake was 3.55±1.88, and vegetable consumption was 3.99±2.60 units per day. The results show a significant positive correlation between SCT and fruit and vegetable consumption (p <0.01). Based on the multivariate regression analysis, Behavioral skills (B=0.163, p <0.001) and understanding of the environment (B=0.201, p <0.001), were the most important predictor of consumption of vegetables and fruit, respectively. More than half of the students consumed less than 4 units of fruit and vegetable per day. Therefore, designing, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based interventions with a focus on social determinants is recommended.
Zahra Madani; Abolghassem Djazayery; Ariyo Movahedi; Majid Karandish
Volume 2, Issue 2 , November 2019, , Pages 32-35
Abstract
Obesity is an important preventable disease and increases the chance of developing some chronic diseases like hypertension which is related to many factors including oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants protect the body against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential ...
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Obesity is an important preventable disease and increases the chance of developing some chronic diseases like hypertension which is related to many factors including oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants protect the body against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of dietary oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index with blood pressure in overweight or obese subjects compared to normal-weight subjects. In a cross-sectional study on 157 adult females and males from students and staff of Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU) of Tehran that classified in two groups of normal weight and overweight or obese were evaluated. Demographic and validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were completed and individuals' weight and height information were measured using the BIA. The systolic and diastolic pressure was recorded by the Automatic Blood Pressure monitor. Dietary antioxidant was estimated based on the ORAC index of selected foods reported by the Nutrient Data Laboratory of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the normal and overweight or obese groups in terms of body mass index, systolic and diastolic pressure (p=0.0001). Also, the ORAC index was higher in normal individuals than the case group, but it was not significant (p=0.222). There was also an inverse correlation between dietary ORAC, systolic and diastolic pressure in both groups, and only in the normal weight group, the association between systolic pressure and the dietary ORAC index was significant (p=0.04). The findings of the present study suggested that the dietary ORAC index was inversely associated with systolic and diastolic pressure in both subjects.
Shiva Zargar; Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti; Ali Khanjari
Volume 2, Issue 3 , December 2019, , Pages 32-38
Abstract
The use of films with natural origins and natural antimicrobial agents has become one of the novel methods of food packaging. In this study, the antibacterial activity of active films against two microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 65138) and Escherichia coli O157: H7 (ATCC 25922) were evaluated ...
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The use of films with natural origins and natural antimicrobial agents has become one of the novel methods of food packaging. In this study, the antibacterial activity of active films against two microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 65138) and Escherichia coli O157: H7 (ATCC 25922) were evaluated by disk diffusion method. Also, the antimicrobial properties of gelatin film containing different concentrations of Pimpinella anisum essential oil (0, 0.3, and 0.6 and 0.9%) were studied on minced beef at refrigerator temperature. The treatments were stored for 8 days after packaging and the microbial (total count of aerobic bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacteriaceae and mold/yeast), chemical (TVB-N and peroxide value) and sensory (color, odor, and taste) properties were examined. The main components of the essential oil were trans-anethole (87.39%), (Carvone8.79%), and Hexadecanoic (2.26%), Heptadecane1.56%). Results showed that all microbial and chemical properties related to treatments containing antimicrobial agents were significantly (p<0.05) less than the control treatment. Considering the acceptable microbial limit for minced beef at refrigerator temperature, the shelf-life of treatments wrapped with films containing essential oils increased by at least 3 days without any adverse without any unfavorable organoleptic properties.
Saeedeh Zareie; Ahmad Saedisomeolia; Mahmood Mahmoodi Majdabadi Farahani
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 35-38
Abstract
Constipation is a common non-motor problem in Parkinson's patients that affects the quality of life of these patients. Complications of constipation include anal pain and injury, which leads to anal ulcers and hemorrhoids. Many factors are blamed for this matter, which overweight and ...
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Constipation is a common non-motor problem in Parkinson's patients that affects the quality of life of these patients. Complications of constipation include anal pain and injury, which leads to anal ulcers and hemorrhoids. Many factors are blamed for this matter, which overweight and obesity might affect in these patients as well. Chronic constipation completely affects a person's quality of life. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to find the possible relationship between anthropometric indices and constipation in Parkinson's patients in Iran. The study was performed on 72 Parkinson patients aged 50-80 years with constipation referred to Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran. Patients were divided into two groups according to the number of bowel movements per week (<3 and ≥3 respectively). Demographic information was collected by a general questionnaire. Anthropometric data were calculated using Seca scales and meters. Body fat percentage and lean body mass were calculated using valid formulas. Data related to physical activity, food intake, number of excretions were collected by valid questionnaires. Based on the present findings, there is no relationship between anthropometric indices and constipation in Parkinson's patients. There is no significant difference in anthropometric indices between the two groups either. No significant difference in food groups between the two groups was observed as well. Anthropometric indices have no effect on constipation in Parkinson's patients. Future studies on the large-scale samples are recommended.
Ramin Heshmat; Zahra Abdollahi; Mina Minaei; Mahsa Rostami; Zeinab Ahadi; Gita Shafiee; Mohsen Rezaei Homami; Bagher Larijani; Forouzan Salehi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2018, , Pages 37-42
Abstract
Introduction: The role of diet is crucial in the prevention of diseases. Physicians and health staff can play a vital role in decreasing disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Iranian health staff toward nutrition.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study ...
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Introduction: The role of diet is crucial in the prevention of diseases. Physicians and health staff can play a vital role in decreasing disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Iranian health staff toward nutrition.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study on 473 health staffs of the Iranian health staff from 30 provinces of Iran were involved in this study during 2011-2012. The sampling method in this study in each province was stratified random sampling. KAP was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: Approximately 40%-90% of participants knew the main groups of food; 44%-74% of them had information about importance of micronutrients, and the knowledge of health and nutritional needs of pregnant and lactating mother was84%-88%. Health staffs’ favorite attitude toward the major food groups and micro-nutrition were 49%-90% and 26%-86%, respectively. And for the major food groups was 28%-98% and practice about health and nutritional needs of pregnant women and mothers was 80%-92%.
Conclusion: This study shows health staffs need more training on some topics of nutrition in Iran. Consequently, intervention programs and nutrition education to improve employee performance in the health center is necessary.
Azam Movahedi; Ariyo Movahedi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 37-41
Abstract
Pediatric obesity is going to be one of the major risk factors in our era. It might have adverse effects on all aspects of child’s health. It could affect both physically and mentally and cause emotional suffering as well. It is shown that obesity could decrease cognition, but its relationship ...
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Pediatric obesity is going to be one of the major risk factors in our era. It might have adverse effects on all aspects of child’s health. It could affect both physically and mentally and cause emotional suffering as well. It is shown that obesity could decrease cognition, but its relationship with emotional intelligence (EI) is unclear. In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between the child’s weight and level of EI has been investigated. Seventy-one children with average age 9.2±2.3 years old (32 girls and 39 boys) of volunteer parents who have come to counseling clinic were joined in this study. Anthropometrical information of children including BMI for age Z score was analyzed by using Anthro Plus software. Demographic information such as gender, year of birth, household income, and parental educational status were obtained by using common SES questionnaire. Emotional intelligence of children was obtained by using “Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Child Short Form” (TEIQue-CSF). A significant negative correlation between BMI and EI score was seen in both genders (r2=0.33, p=0.001). A similar pattern was also noticed for both boys and girls. Despite the similarity of this pattern in both genders, to some extent boys showed a stronger negative relationship between their BMI and EI score (Girls: r2=0.293, p=0.001; Boys: r2=0.388, p=0.001). Based on the present study, overweight and obesity are associated with a higher EI score in both genders, which shows the importance of weight effect on EI.
Asal Ansaripour; Behnood Abbasi
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide which can lead to significant macrovascular and microvascular complications. A majority of patients with diabetes suffer from type 2 diabetes and its prevalence and incidence continue to increase globally. Its underlying pathophysiology ...
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Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide which can lead to significant macrovascular and microvascular complications. A majority of patients with diabetes suffer from type 2 diabetes and its prevalence and incidence continue to increase globally. Its underlying pathophysiology is complicated. Both genetic predisposition and lifestyle risk factors can result in relative insulin deficiency and the development of type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes can present with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, blurred vision, and recurrent infections. However, many patients may be initially asymptomatic, resulting in late diagnosis. Delayed diagnosis can also result in presenting with already established complications at the time of diagnosis. There are various diagnostic methods and these include measurements of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, or random plasma glucose together with classical signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia. Alternatively, an oral glucose tolerance test can be carried out to confirm the diagnosis. Lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy are the backbones of type 2 diabetes treatment. Metformin is considered to be the first-line therapy of choice. However, if the desired glucose control is not achieved, then metformin is combined with other anti-diabetic medications. As type 2 diabetes is largely a preventable disease, its primary prevention is of utmost significance. The aim of primary prevention is to reduce the modifiable risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and smoking.
Mina Kargozari; Hassan Hamedi; Seyyed Amir Amirnia; Ahmad Montazeri; Sara Abbaszadeh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 30-38
Abstract
Active packaging usually means the incorporation of specific compounds with active function beyond the packaging materials to extend the shelf life of the foodstuffs. The aim of this study was the evaluation of active edible coating of sodium alginate (Alg) incorporated with coriander seed essential ...
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Active packaging usually means the incorporation of specific compounds with active function beyond the packaging materials to extend the shelf life of the foodstuffs. The aim of this study was the evaluation of active edible coating of sodium alginate (Alg) incorporated with coriander seed essential oil (CEO) on the shelf life of chicken fillets during cold storage. Overall, MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.5 to 5 (mg/mL) proved that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to CEO than Gram-negative bacteria. Results showed that coatings of Alg had no significant effect on decreasing the microbial load of aerobic mesophilic, psychrotrophic bacteria, lactic acid, coliform bacteria as well as Staphylococcus aureus (p>0.05), while the coating of fillet with Alg/CEO showed a significant difference with the other treatments during 12 days of storage (p<0.05). The results also showed that TVBN, TBARS and peroxide formation in the samples treated by Alg/CEO was significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). Concerning organoleptic properties, the coating of Alg with 0.5% CEO scored higher in the sensory evaluation.
Hadi Monji; Adeleh Khodabakhshi; Pegah Rahbarinejad
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 33-36
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of food allergies in developed and developing countries has raised many questions about that in scientific societies. This prevalence made researchers eager to understand the steps taken to prevent food allergies in children. Children's food allergies are often thought to be ...
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The increasing prevalence of food allergies in developed and developing countries has raised many questions about that in scientific societies. This prevalence made researchers eager to understand the steps taken to prevent food allergies in children. Children's food allergies are often thought to be the result of exposure to allergens during pregnancy, lactation, and nutrient deficiencies such as vitamin D. in this review, we collected and reviewed new studies about nutritional strategies to prevent food allergies in children. Studies have shown that eliminating food from the mother's diet during pregnancy and lactation is not recommended. Also, despite the many benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for infancy, there is still limited evidence to support food allergy prevention with breastfeeding. Introducing solid foods at 4-6 months of age may reduce the risk of developing allergies in children; therefore, it is not suggested to delay the introduction of food. Also, introducing peanuts and boiled eggs earlier than 12 months of age can reduce the risk of some allergies. There is little evidence to support using a hydrolyzed formula and vitamin D supplement to prevent food allergies. Nutritional interventions to prevent food allergies still have many ambiguous questions; however, it can be said that avoidance of allergenic foods is not suggested, and exposure to foods can induce tolerance.
Sara Sarrafi Zadeh; Khyrunnisa Begum
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2018, , Pages 35-44
Abstract
Sleep disorders are very prevalent in the general population and are associated with significant medical, psychological, and social disturbances. A multidimensional approach is recommended for its assessment covering sleep hygiene measures, psychotherapy, and medication. The parasomnias, including sleepwalking, ...
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Sleep disorders are very prevalent in the general population and are associated with significant medical, psychological, and social disturbances. A multidimensional approach is recommended for its assessment covering sleep hygiene measures, psychotherapy, and medication. The parasomnias, including sleepwalking, night terrors, and nightmares, have benign implications in childhood but often reflect psychopathology or significant stress in adolescents and adults and organicity in the elderly. Excessive daytime sleepiness is typically the most frequent complaint and often reflects organic dysfunction. Narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia are chronic brain disorders with an onset at young age, whereas sleep apnea is more common in middle age and is associated with obesity and cardiovascular problems. Therapeutic naps, medications, and supportive therapy are recommended for narcolepsy and hypersomnia; continuous positive airway pressure, weight loss, surgery, and oral devices are common treatments for sleep apnea. There is a need for identifying the association of sleep and general health so as to provide a better and safe mechanism of management of insomnia since the pharmacological therapy adds the risk of side effects and addiction problems. The data is collected based on the internet search and papers submitted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Sleep assessment is vital to physical and mental health. Having difficulty in getting proper sleep could be the base of initiation of many health problems According to our study in this article we suggest the importance of sleep to be measured and evaluated by the health care system for the individuals whether in hospitals or institutes or any organization.
Navideh Khodadadi; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 35-44
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a virulent tumor rising in the interior wall of the large bowel. CRC is the third deadliest cancer globally and is the 4th common in Iran. Fiestin is a flavone that is present in some fruits and vegetables and is suggested to have beneficial effects on human cancer cells. In ...
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a virulent tumor rising in the interior wall of the large bowel. CRC is the third deadliest cancer globally and is the 4th common in Iran. Fiestin is a flavone that is present in some fruits and vegetables and is suggested to have beneficial effects on human cancer cells. In the present study, we summarized the potential mechanisms of the effect of Fiestin on CRC. Electronic literature searches were conducted on Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar until March 2020. Our search was supplemented with the search of publisher databases like Elsevier and Springer. The search was conducted with “Fiestin” in combination with the following keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Colon, Rectum, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and “Precancerous Lesions” among humans, animal, and in-vitro studies. 14 articles during 2005 and 2018 assessed the effect of Fiestin on CRC. One was RCT, 3 of them were animal studies and 10 papers were performed on cell culture. Our Findings suggested that Fiestin may have positive effects on cancer cells due to its anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and cell cycle modifying properties. According to the literature, it seems that Fiestin induces cell cycle arrest and suppresses cellular growth by modulating through some signaling pathways like inhibition of CDKs and Fiestin decreases protein levels of cell division cycles like CDC 2 and CDC25C. Fiestin may also induce cell apoptosis cascades such as activation of caspase 3, 7, and cleavage of procaspase 3 and inhibition of caspase 8. Fiestin also may have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting PGE2 production and expression of COX2. Additionally, it may have some anti-oxidant effects by reducing some tumor markers and enhancement levels of some anti-oxidants agents.
Fatemeh Karami; Marjan Ghodsi; Mohammad Shahmohammadi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 42-45
Abstract
Human brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer induced death owing to the late diagnosis in higher grades and failure to be successfully controlled. Determining the main risk factors toward higher grades of the tumor can dramatically decrease the mortality rate of benign brain tumor patients. The ...
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Human brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer induced death owing to the late diagnosis in higher grades and failure to be successfully controlled. Determining the main risk factors toward higher grades of the tumor can dramatically decrease the mortality rate of benign brain tumor patients. The present study was conducted to compare the dietary habits between benign and malignant brain tumor patients. Three demographic, physical activity and dietary regimen’s specific questionnaires were filled for 50 high grade glioma and 50 meningioma patients. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc, IL, USA). A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. There was a significant association between using of fast foods and high-grade glioma tumors (p-value=0.007). In contrast, the frequency of using dairy products, sea foods, fruits, and vegetables besides physical activity was not meaningfully different between two malignant and benign patient groups. Finding of this study regarding the association of fast foods with malignant brain tumors is further support on the role of Trans and saturated fatty acids in the rate of cancer evolution. However, further investigations are required to determine whether disruption in blood brain barrier induced by frequent consumption of saturated fatty acids enriched food occurs before or after malignant cellular transformation.
Behnood Abbasi; Mahdis Daniali; Hedieh Ramezani; Masumeh Derakhshande; Reza Ghiasvand
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2018, , Pages 43-46
Abstract
Introduction: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common condition characterized by abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, flatulence, nausea and varying degrees of anxiety or depression. IBS have high prevalence and it mainly occurs between the ages of 15-65 years. Medical cost for IBS is a heavy ...
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Introduction: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common condition characterized by abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, flatulence, nausea and varying degrees of anxiety or depression. IBS have high prevalence and it mainly occurs between the ages of 15-65 years. Medical cost for IBS is a heavy burden for individuals; also, the side effects of the drugs encouraged the scientists to evaluate other IBS treatment methods such as herbal remedy. Evidence suggests that herbal remedies containing antispasmodic and antioxidant agents may improve gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods: 51 patients with irritable bowel syndrome were recruited after standardized diagnostic work-up into a double-blind, placebo-controlled and were randomly assigned to each group (Bunium persicum powder or placebo). Duration of intervention was 5 weeks. The main outcome variables were the changes in total abdominal pain, tenesmus, and feeling of inadequate defecation and C-reactive protein levels. Results: Gender was not significantly different between intervention and control groups. Abdominal pain, tenesmus, and feel inadequate defecation were not changed either in the intervention group and control groups. Moreover, consumption of Bunium persicum powder had no effect on serum level of CRP in intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusion: The results of this randomized, double blind, study indicate that Bunium persicum as an herbal remedy had no significant effect on symptoms and inflammatory marker of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
Yasaman Alidadi; Melika Metanati; Asal Ataie-Jafari
Volume 2, Issue 2 , November 2019, , Pages 36-38
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of a BIA device, Xiaomi MI, against X-scan plus 970. A total of 30 university students and employees (18 women and 12 men) aged between 19 and 50 years were selected. Weight and body composition were measured using Xiaomi MI and X-scan plus 970. ...
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of a BIA device, Xiaomi MI, against X-scan plus 970. A total of 30 university students and employees (18 women and 12 men) aged between 19 and 50 years were selected. Weight and body composition were measured using Xiaomi MI and X-scan plus 970. The mean age of subjects was 28.9±9.1 for men and 30.4±9.4 for women. There was a strong correlation between X-scan plus 970 and Xiaomi MI scale 2 results (p<0.000). Our results suggest that Xiaomi MI scale 2 is a valid device to measure body composition which makes it appropriate for clinical use.
Fatemeh Radkhouy; Samira Soltanieh; Shakiba Solgi; Maedeh Ansari; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 39-47
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer that results from abnormalities or changes in the genome and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Carnitine is a potent antioxidant that may result in an increase in cellular respiration, apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and inflammation ...
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Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer that results from abnormalities or changes in the genome and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Carnitine is a potent antioxidant that may result in an increase in cellular respiration, apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and inflammation of tumor cells by various mechanisms. The present study was conducted to summarize the effects of carnitine on the treatment or prevention of colorectal cancer. The review was conducted with the following words "L-carnitine" in combination with colorectal cancer, neoplasm, colon, rectum, apoptosis, inflammation and precancerous lesions among animal and in vitro studies. From six interventional studies investigated in this article, one of them was performed on two groups of mice having precancerous lesions and macroscopic colonic tumors divided into AOM and APC groups and five other studies on adenocarcinoma cell lines of NCOL-1, Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480. One of them also was performed on DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis mouse model. These studies reported significant increment in the amount of the fatty acid transportation into the mitochondria; generation of mitochondrial superoxide anions (O2-), apoptosis and cell death in cells which were exposed by L-carnitine. An increment was also observed in pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase, Bak and Bax and reduction in anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-Xl. In these studies, cellular inflammation which was associated with products of the cyclooxygenase enzyme pathway, and cancer cell proliferation was reduced as well and there was an increment in DNA fragmentation. The aberrant crypt foci development and pre-cancerous lesions were significantly inhibited by carnitine in the colons of the studied mice but did not exert protective effects on their intestinal tumors. L-carnitine may have potential anticancer effects and inhibits the progression of macroscopic and pre-cancerous tumors and prevents the growth and proliferation of cancerous cells.
Fatemeh Majzoobi; Fatemeh Radkhouy; Negar Norouzi; Shaghayegh Naziri Monfared; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 46-52
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common gastrointestinal functional disorder accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain and changes in intestinal habits. Lack of proper biochemical criteria for diagnosis, as well as a lack of proper understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, complicates ...
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Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common gastrointestinal functional disorder accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain and changes in intestinal habits. Lack of proper biochemical criteria for diagnosis, as well as a lack of proper understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, complicates diagnosis of this disease and undermines the serious efforts to discover the proper drug for it. The present treatments including medical treatments which are related to some side-effects such as dyspepsia, heartburn, headache, bradycardia, anorexia, weakness and fatigue and diet therapy. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of previous studies on the effect of low-FODMAP diet on the improvement of digestive symptoms and nutritional status in patients with IBS. Electronic literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar until May 2019. The search was conducted with the following words “FODMAP” or “low-FODMAP diets”, in combination with “gastrointestinal symptoms”, “diarrhea”, “constipation”, “dyspepsia”, “bloating”, “burp”, “heart burn”, “nausea” and “intestinal cramp” among randomized clinical trials. Our search was supplemented with the search of publisher databases Elsevier, Wiley Online and SpringerLink and for any pertinent studies, we screened the references of all included studies. Eligibility criteria included: randomized controlled clinical trial studies published in peer-reviewed journals and studies that used low-FODMAP diets as an intervention. In the total of 5 studies were done on the 299 adults who meet the inclusion criteria. According to the consumption of the results, the low-FODMAP diet caused a significant improvement in many gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and dissatisfaction of the intestinal habits in comparison with control diet. According to the results of various studies, it seems that a low-FODMAP diet can improve digestive symptoms and IBS-related complaints.
Sara Sarrafi Zadeh; Khyrunnisa Begum
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2018, , Pages 47-53
Abstract
Inadequate sleep has been recognized as a risk factor for health status and quality of life. Fatigue due to improper sleep is a major cause for the poor quality of life. Evidence show the quality of sleep affects all the parameters of quality of life assessment such as physical health, social health, ...
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Inadequate sleep has been recognized as a risk factor for health status and quality of life. Fatigue due to improper sleep is a major cause for the poor quality of life. Evidence show the quality of sleep affects all the parameters of quality of life assessment such as physical health, social health, functional health and psychological health. In general, assessing the global impact of sleep on health-related quality of life (HRQL) is necessary because this factor is always left behind in medical assessment and medical history of an individual. In general, this article is a review on sleep quality and its effect on health status, medical condition of people, psychiatric disorders and occupational status of individuals. The data is collected based on the internet search and papers submitted in PubMed and google scholar. Sleep status is vital to physical and mental health. Measuring the quality of sleep and its effect on individual’s life is very much important in assessing the health status of people. According to our study in this article, we suggest the importance of sleep to be measured and evaluated by the health care system for the individuals whether in hospitals or institutes or any organization.
Mazaher Hosseinzadeh Rostam Kalaei; Vahid Abdossi; Elham Danaee
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2021, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the effect of selenium forms (sodium selenate and sodium selenite) at (2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/l) levels on the phytochemical attributes of Echium amoenum (Vipers bugloss) as factorial randomized complete block design. Selenium sources were added in four steps: 2 ...
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The aim of this research was to determine the effect of selenium forms (sodium selenate and sodium selenite) at (2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/l) levels on the phytochemical attributes of Echium amoenum (Vipers bugloss) as factorial randomized complete block design. Selenium sources were added in four steps: 2 true leaves stage, 10 leaves, 2 weeks, and 1 week before flowering. The traits were evaluated in different stages of flowering (beginning, full flowering, and end of flowering). Results showed that selenium sources significantly affected the qualitative characteristics of the E. amoenum. The highest photosynthetic pigments were obtained by 4 mg/l sodium selenite at beginning of flowering. When the plants were sprayed with 4 mg/l sodium selenate and harvested at beginning of flowering, higher total alkaloid contents in leaves and petals were observed compared to the other treatments. When the plants were sprayed with 8 mg/l sodium selenate and harvested at end of flowering, higher total phenols and flavonoids contents, soluble sugars content were observed compared to the other treatments. Moreover, foliar application of selenium sources significantly increased the content of this element in the petals. Sodium selenate was more effective than sodium selenite in increasing the content of this element. Generally, the results showed selenium sources significantly improved phytochemical properties of E. amoenum.
