Mina Kargozari; Hassan Hamedi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 16-30
Abstract
Novel concepts of smart/intelligent, active and eco-friendly food packaging systems, are getting much more attention these days. There have been new functionalities ascribed to the packaging, mostly derived from recent consumer's request for organic and clean-label –high-quality products. This ...
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Novel concepts of smart/intelligent, active and eco-friendly food packaging systems, are getting much more attention these days. There have been new functionalities ascribed to the packaging, mostly derived from recent consumer's request for organic and clean-label –high-quality products. This paper throws light on the current advances in antimicrobial active packaging of fresh meat and meat-based products. Among the classes of antimicrobials proposed and tested with remarkable antimicrobial power against microorganisms involved in meat spoilage and meat-borne diseases, we focused on plant-derived essential oils (EOs) and nanoparticles (NPs) as they were attractive meat protecting agents according to the literature review, we have made. The various technologies and methods for incorporating antimicrobial compounds into the package including embedding for controlled release, immobilization, and layer-by-layer deposition, photographting and their feasible approach for active meat packaging are surveyed and scrutinized.
Arefeh KhaksarJalali; Amirmehdi Husseini; Mina Minaie; Shahla Mirlashari; Zahra Abdollahi; Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 17-21
Abstract
Pediatric malnutrition is prevalent in developing countries including Iran. One of the most important factors that effects on children growth is nutritious food intake. This study was designed to study the effect of daily ready to use meal in 2-6 years children in daycare centers. 715 children have been ...
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Pediatric malnutrition is prevalent in developing countries including Iran. One of the most important factors that effects on children growth is nutritious food intake. This study was designed to study the effect of daily ready to use meal in 2-6 years children in daycare centers. 715 children have been assessed in this study and weight and height were measured before and after the 6-month intervention with daily ready to use meal. Anthropometric indices compared with WHO standards of 2007. Wasting decreased significantly from 29% to 19% in 2-5 children before and after the intervention, respectively. Also, the underweight prevalence decreased significantly from 27% to 19% in all 2-6 children. Furthermore, the prevalence of wasting and underweight in boys was more than girls. According to BMI/age Z-score, thinness prevalence lowered significantly from 23% to 15%. But height/age Z-score didn’t change significantly. The results of this study showed that nutrition intervention can improve health indicators in children suffering from malnutrition.
Nargess Mooraki; Marjaneh Sedaghati
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 17-23
Abstract
Mahyaveh is a traditional fish sauce that is produced in the southern part of Iran and main problem related to this product is the very high histamine content. This study investigated the chemical properties of mahyaveh, in the presence of wheat bran. The effects of Mahdavi wheat bran investigated on ...
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Mahyaveh is a traditional fish sauce that is produced in the southern part of Iran and main problem related to this product is the very high histamine content. This study investigated the chemical properties of mahyaveh, in the presence of wheat bran. The effects of Mahdavi wheat bran investigated on the reduction of histamine in mahyaveh, as “Southern Iran Fermented FishSauce”. Fish sauce samples used in this study consisted of control samples and the treated samples containing 10% and 20% of wheat bran. The histamine and heavy metals concentrations in the mahyaveh samples were determined by an enzymatic assay kit and graphite furnace atomic absorption, respectively. The pH and water activity of fish sauce samples decreased during the 45-day fermentation period (2.07% and 8.13%). While the amount of TVB-N experienced a meaningful increase in the presence of wheat bran (4.95%), the protein content significantly decreased (p <0.05) (3.83%). The iron and mercury concentration range of samples (1.3-6.2 mg/kg and 0.2-0.5 mg/kg) were below maximum permissible limits of WHO/FAO (43 mg/kg and 0.6 mg/kg) but cadmium concentration range of samples (0.6-2 mg/kg) and histamine concentration range of samples (832.21-950.40) were above maximum permissible limits of WHO/FAO (0.2 mg/kg) and FDA maximum permissible limits of (50 mg/kg), respectively. The high levels of histamine in mahyaveh samples decreased significantly (p <0.05) by adding wheat bran (13.3%). Moreover, wheat bran had a considerable reductive effect on the concentrations of heavy metals naming iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) (77.96%- 66.66% and 50%, respectively). Consequently, the major safety problem related to mahyaveh consumption is the very high histamine content and heavy metals contamination.
Fatemeh Karami; Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2018, , Pages 18-23
Abstract
Genetically modified foods (GM foods) have revolutionized the agricultural industry towards more proficient farming in every geographical region of the world. The major tasks of this GM food technology could be summarized in four points including increase in food products, more convenient food processing, ...
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Genetically modified foods (GM foods) have revolutionized the agricultural industry towards more proficient farming in every geographical region of the world. The major tasks of this GM food technology could be summarized in four points including increase in food products, more convenient food processing, disease prevention and treatment and avoiding of using pesticides through the generation of pest-resistant crops. Although the GM foods technology had great advantages for human health, there are some concerns regarding biodiversity induced by modified plants, which can indirectly affect human being, as well. Further studies are warranted to define precisely the status of this technology in ecosystem in which human is living.
Golnaz Majdizadeh; Zahra Vafaei Mastanabady; Zahra Zare; Mena Farazi; Zahra Mohammadizadeh; Ariyo Movahedi; Mina Minaie; Zahra Abdollahi; Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh; Maryam Zarei; Arezoo Kavei; Hassan Hamedi
Volume 2, Issue 2 , November 2019, , Pages 19-25
Abstract
Food insecurity is one of the issues that have a serious impact on the nutritional status of all individuals in society, especially children and given that food insecurity can be a precursor of health, developmental and nutritional problems, determining the factors associated with it, is also essential ...
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Food insecurity is one of the issues that have a serious impact on the nutritional status of all individuals in society, especially children and given that food insecurity can be a precursor of health, developmental and nutritional problems, determining the factors associated with it, is also essential in any community it seems. According to this, this study aimed to determine the relationship between food security, socioeconomic status and anthropometric indices in children 2-5 years in Hamedan city. In this analytical descriptive cross-sectional study, 683 children 2-5 years (360 boys, 323 girls) from Hamedan city and villages were selected by systematic cluster sampling methods from the Hamedan University of Medical sciences. HFLAS 9-item questionnaire to investigate food security, and also, a general questionnaire was completed through interviews with mothers of children. Also, children of anthropometric Z scores were measured by using the world health organization (WHO) Anthro software basal on WHO 2007 standards. Eventually, data were analyzed by SPSS software. According to this study, there was a significant correlation between the mother's and father's education and occupation, frequency of snack and food security with children's weight for age (p <0.05). Also, there was a significant correlation between the mother's and father's job, frequency of snack with children's weight for height (p <0.05). While BMI for age had a significant correlation with maternal education, (p <0.05). Also, height for age correlated with the mother’s education and occupation, father’s education, number of snacks and food security (p <0.05). Also, no significant difference was found between other components (p>0.05). The result of this study shown that there was a significant correlation between food security, Z score height for age, Z scores BMI for age, mother's and father's education, mother's job and socioeconomic status of the household.
Hesam Aldin Varpaei; Pariya Onsori; Faeze Esmaeili; Saba Abachi; Mohammad Mahdi Miremami; Mohammad Yavari; Hosein Esmaeili; Amir Mahdi Farahani; Pedram Nouroozi; Ali Kazemi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 19-25
Abstract
Self-medication practice, unfortunately, is a current issue in different countries. Patterns of self-medication vary among different populations and are influenced by different characteristics. So, this study was aimed at the prevalence of self-medication practice in Tehran. This descriptive-analytic ...
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Self-medication practice, unfortunately, is a current issue in different countries. Patterns of self-medication vary among different populations and are influenced by different characteristics. So, this study was aimed at the prevalence of self-medication practice in Tehran. This descriptive-analytic study was performed from Oct 2019 to March 2020 by a researcher-designed questionnaire among people. The main determinants of the questionnaire included personal information, diet pattern, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and self-medication habits. Chi-square and Tukey's post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis of data. Eight hundred people participated in this study. The rate of self-medication was 78% among men and 88% among women. 35.75% of the participants had a chronic illness, and 90% of them had a history of self-medication. A significant correlation between gender and self-medication (p=0.45, r=0.55), also significant correlation between exercise and self-medication (p=0.206, r=0.75), alcohol consumption and self-medication (p=0.37, r=0.19) were not seen. Education and income levels, chronic diseases, history of drug allergies, smoking, and fast-food consumption seem to create self-medication behavior. Having an old doctor's prescription, saving time, as well as advising family members, were the most important reasons for self-medication. The most commonly used medications were analgesics, common cold medicines, and gastrointestinal drugs. Self-medication was mostly used to treat headaches, migraines, and common cold symptoms such as cough and muscle pain.
Nima Babolanimogadam; Ali Khanjari; Afshin Akhondzadeh basti; Seyed Hasan Sajjadi Alhashem; Reza Teimourifard; Faramarz Amiri
Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 20-24
Abstract
Biodegradable active packaging containing essential oils with antimicrobial properties is one alternative strategy that can be considered by the food packing industry to reduce the use of environmentally harmful synthetic polymers. Chitosan is a safe, natural, no allergen, and biocompatible polymer with ...
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Biodegradable active packaging containing essential oils with antimicrobial properties is one alternative strategy that can be considered by the food packing industry to reduce the use of environmentally harmful synthetic polymers. Chitosan is a safe, natural, no allergen, and biocompatible polymer with health benefits. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of chitosan coating contain Ajwain essential oil (AEO) on the shelf-life of chicken breast meat during refrigerated storage. AEO was extracted and its composition was analyzed by GC/MS, the AEO was added to chitosan solution in different concentrations (0, 0.5%, and 1% (v/v)) and chicken breast meat was coated by chitosan solution, The microbiological properties of chicken breast meats, such Total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB), Enterobacteriaceae, total aerobic psychrotrophic bacteria (APB), and Pseudomonas spp. were determined during 13 days of storage. The results showed that using of AEO has significant effects on the reduction of all followed groups of microorganisms compared with the control group. In the present study, 1% v/v AEO treatment was the most effective in microbial groups throughout the storage period. This study showed that chitosan coating contains 1% AEO have good antimicrobial activity and can be used to extend the shelf-life of the meat products.
Neda Sallak; Abbasali Motallebi Moghanjoughi; Maryam Ataee; Seyed Amir Ali Anvar; Leila Golestan
Abstract
Nowadays it seems necessary to replace synthetic plastics with biodegradable films in food packaging due to their major threats to human health and the environment. In this study corn starch film composed of Ag-TiO₂ nanocomposites and Satureja khuzestanica essential oil (SEO) were ...
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Nowadays it seems necessary to replace synthetic plastics with biodegradable films in food packaging due to their major threats to human health and the environment. In this study corn starch film composed of Ag-TiO₂ nanocomposites and Satureja khuzestanica essential oil (SEO) were prepared and the antimicrobial, morphological, physical, and mechanical characteristics in chicken fillet packaging were assessed. The morphology of the films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The combination of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) with SEM analyzed the near-surface elements. The plain film showed higher WVP (2.82×10־⁷ g/m.h.Pa) than other films and the nano/essence film had the lowest moisture content% (21.6%). For determining the film's antimicrobial activity, chicken fillets were inoculated with Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus (separately with four prepared films). Microbial counting of the fillets was performed at three intervals (14 and 7th day) and the results showed a significant difference in reducing the number of microorganisms in nano/essence and essence films compared to the control group (chicken fillets packed in plastic bags) and plain film (at a rate of 1.5-2 log CFU/g). The rate of reduction of S. aureus was higher compared to S. Typhimurium and E. coli in the packing groups respectively. Sensory properties were also evaluated at three- intervals. The bio-polymer film incorporated with SEO and Ag-TiO₂ nanocomposites can be used for packaging foods and is able to delay microbial and physical spoilage in foodstuffs.
Mina Minaie; Fathollah Pourali; Zahra Abdollahi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2018, , Pages 21-28
Abstract
Introduction: Child health is very important in all societies which is influenced by the interaction of multiple factors. Good nutrition for children is one of the most important and influential factors in the health of children in this study to evaluate the effectiveness of one meal warm food for the ...
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Introduction: Child health is very important in all societies which is influenced by the interaction of multiple factors. Good nutrition for children is one of the most important and influential factors in the health of children in this study to evaluate the effectiveness of one meal warm food for the rural kindergarten of the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran on anthropometrics indices of children have been carried out. Method: In this cross-sectional study, anthropometric z scores of 7116 children were measured by using WHO Anthro and Anthro plus software based on WHO 2007 standards and analyzed using SPSS. Results: Based on the present findings, 8% of children showed moderate to severe lower weight for height. Also, girls showed more severe underweight than boys. BMI-for-age children from approximately 5% of moderate to severe underweight has decreased to about 3%. The frequency of normal children increased from 85% to about 86%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were observed after the intervention reduced slightly. Also the percentage of overweight of children in the study was lightly changed to obese. Between the two genders, male and female, overweight and obesity in boys found higher than girls, and relatively similar trends have continued after the intervention. This project was successful to lower moderately severe wasting in children based on body mass index from 7% to about 5%. The slight increase in the scale of overweight and obesity and a half percent of overweight children after the program was shown. Even though boys showed a higher increase of obesity and overweight than girls, reduction of moderate and severe underweight found similarly in both genders. Conclusion: Due to the relative success of the present intervention plan, nutritional education along these kinds of projects may improve the nutritional status of children in society and prevent pediatric malnutrition.
Mahsa Makvandi; Vajiheh Fadaei; Kianoush Khosravi-Darani
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 21-27
Abstract
In recent years, there is a growing demand for healthy and safe food. In this regard, kombucha products have promising future due to their contents of bioactive compounds that exhibit health-promoting properties. Kombucha yogurt is a novel product with unique quality characteristics. ...
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In recent years, there is a growing demand for healthy and safe food. In this regard, kombucha products have promising future due to their contents of bioactive compounds that exhibit health-promoting properties. Kombucha yogurt is a novel product with unique quality characteristics. So, in this study, the kombucha extract (KE), 5, 10, and 15% (v/v), was applied as a non-conventional starter for yogurt production, and the effect of kombucha on pH and titratable acidity of yogurt during incubation was investigated. Also, some physicochemical properties and overall acceptability of yogurt samples were determined during 21 days of storage at 8ºC. For producing yogurt samples, the amounts of 5, 10, and 15 % (V/V) of concentrate of kombucha layer grown up on black tea, without yogurt starter bacteria, were inoculated to the milk containing 2.2% fat. Meanwhile, the yogurt starter was applied for producing the control sample. The results showed that by increasing the concentration of KE, a slight increase in pH (4-10%) and a decrease (12-35%) in acidity was observed compared to the control sample (p<0.05); syneresis increased and viscosity decreased (p<0.05); the vitamin C (92-200%) and ethanol (0-44%) levels increased (p<0.05) and the overall acceptability decreased (p<0.05) during 21 days of cold storage. The increase of the kombucha concentration in all samples elongated the fermentation period (p<0.05). The best physicochemical and sensory properties were observed in the sample containing 5% KE.
Anousheh Sharifan; Mina Kouhi; Qobad Asgari Jafarabadi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , December 2019, , Pages 23-26
Abstract
Vitamin D is a significant nutrient in a human’s diet and its deficiency has become a noticeable problem in the world. This study tried to evaluate the effective factors in preserving vitamin D in dried mushrooms using sunlight and ultraviolet light (UV-C). The effect of irradiation on vitamin ...
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Vitamin D is a significant nutrient in a human’s diet and its deficiency has become a noticeable problem in the world. This study tried to evaluate the effective factors in preserving vitamin D in dried mushrooms using sunlight and ultraviolet light (UV-C). The effect of irradiation on vitamin D2 and D3 in Agaricus bisporus mushroom was investigated. In this study, mushrooms were cut (in 5 mm) and dried in two ways of hot air and freeze-drying at 60 ℃ for 60min and -50 ℃ for 24 h respectively, then powdered and after that, the powders were exposed to the sunlight and UV for 5, 15 and 30 min and finally the amount of vitamin D was measured by HPLC spectrometer. The highest vitamin D2 content was observed in a mushroom powder dried by freeze dryer and exposed to sunlight for 5 min and also the one which was irradiated with UV for 30 min. The highest vitamin D3 content was observed in a mushroom powder dried by the hot dryer and exposed to sunlight for 30 min and the mushroom powder dried by freeze dryer and then irradiated with UV for 30 min. Applying ultraviolet light and sunlight in dried mushrooms increased vitamin D levels. The results of this study showed that the drying methods of mushroom were effective in maintaining and increasing the amount of vitamin D3 in the foodstuff.
Sara Yari; Seyed Abbas Mirjalili; Seyed Amir Mousavi; Elahe Poorazizi
Abstract
Punica granatum L. is one of Iran’s native medical plants which represents many nutritional compounds and pharmaceutical properties. The amount of biochemical composite of the fruit depends on the cultivar, environment, climate, ripeness stage, cultivating operations, and method ...
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Punica granatum L. is one of Iran’s native medical plants which represents many nutritional compounds and pharmaceutical properties. The amount of biochemical composite of the fruit depends on the cultivar, environment, climate, ripeness stage, cultivating operations, and method of storage. The point of this research focuses on describing, assessing, and comparing 24 genotypes of the Iranian pomegranate using some noticeable nutritional features belonging to different provinces. In October 2017 pomegranate fruits from the collection of Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center were harvested in three repetitions. The results revealed significant differences between genotypes of the pomegranates in terms of nutritious characteristics at 1%. Our finding showed that the most amount of anthocyanin was seen in genotype Tabestani shirin Saveh (S783) while the maximum level of polyphenols and total soluble solids were in genotype Gell mamouli Taft (Y491). The highest amount of antioxidant capacity was obtained in genotype Malas Daneh ghermez Kan (T191) when the maximum level of total acidity was observed in Malas zoodras Kan (T411). (T191) Malas Daneh ghermez Kan and (Y976) Malas Poost Nazok Yazd which have good appearance quality and red-colored juice. The grouping of all the existing genotypes in the mentioned collection, due to biochemical and nutritional properties, should be considered a research priority.
Negin Haji-Hosseini-Gazestani; Seyyed Ali Keshavarz; Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani; Asal Ataie-Jafari
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 19-24
Abstract
Obesity, as a chronic inflammation, is one of the most important health problems in the world. Increased central obesity is associated with increased inflammation. Diet plays a major role in regulating inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory ...
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Obesity, as a chronic inflammation, is one of the most important health problems in the world. Increased central obesity is associated with increased inflammation. Diet plays a major role in regulating inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and obesity in Tehranian women. This cross-sectional study was performed on 199 women living in District 7 of Tehran. Food intake obtained through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and DII was calculated. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured or calculated. In the final analysis, the effect of age, level of education, smoking status, and physical activity was controlled. The mean age of the subjects was 37.03 years, and the mean BMI was 27.6 kg/m2. The odds of high WC increased with increasing DII score in the crude model (p=0.01) and decreased significantly in the adjusted model (p=0.04). But there was no significant relationship between DII and other variables of abdominal obesity and general obesity (p>0.05). The study states that by increasing the inflammatory index score of the diet, the chance of developing abdominal obesity (waist circumference) decreases. But this result is not true for other variables of abdominal obesity and general obesity.
Leila Aghababaei; Maryam Hasani; Payman Mahasti; Hassan Hamedi
Abstract
An edible coating of chitosan (CH) containing cumin essential oil (CEO) was used in this study to increase the shelf life of chicken fillets during refrigerated storage (4±1 ˚C). CEO was extracted by Clevenger apparatus, and the chemical compounds of CEO were determined. Four ...
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An edible coating of chitosan (CH) containing cumin essential oil (CEO) was used in this study to increase the shelf life of chicken fillets during refrigerated storage (4±1 ˚C). CEO was extracted by Clevenger apparatus, and the chemical compounds of CEO were determined. Four treatments were produced to investigate the shelf life of chicken fillets: T1: Control (C), T2: CH, T3: CH-CEO (0.75%), and T4: CH-CEO (1.5%). The chemical parameters (peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid, and total volatile basic nitrogen), microbial parameters (total bacterial counts, psychrotrophic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria), and sensory attributes (taste, odor, color, texture, and general acceptance) of the chicken fillets were periodically evaluated. Cumin aldehyde (25.79%), gamma-terpinene (21.95%), propanol (18.17%), p-menta-1,4-dien 7-al (11.73%), and beta-pinene (9.27%) were the chemical compounds of CEO. It was shown by the results that the microbial load and chemical oxidation of chicken fillets were inhibited by the active edible coating (p<0.05) and that better preservation effects have resulted from higher essential oil concentration (p<0.05). T4 achieved the best chemical, microbial and sensory results in most tests at the end of the storage period. The shelf life of chicken fillets during storage in the refrigerator was increased by the CH edible coating containing CEO, as demonstrated by this study.
Hengameh Shariati Rad; Lida Nejati; Samira Bagheri
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 22-26
Abstract
Children in elementary school ages due to entering the new era of their life are more high risk of facing with wrong food habits that have been associated with noncommunicable diseases. This study was conducted to assess obesity/overweight status and lifestyle behavior (diet, physical activity and screen ...
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Children in elementary school ages due to entering the new era of their life are more high risk of facing with wrong food habits that have been associated with noncommunicable diseases. This study was conducted to assess obesity/overweight status and lifestyle behavior (diet, physical activity and screen time) in 7-12 years children in Buin-Zahra health network. The data of 120 children from “SIB system” was collected in January 2018 as a cross-sectional study. It consisted of weight, height, amount of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and junk foods intake, physical activity and screen time. Z-score for height for age (HAZ), body mass index for age (BAZ) and weight for age (WAZ) were calculated using World Health Organization reference data. Anthropometric assessments revealed obesity (BAZ>2) in 6.6%, thinness (BAZ<-2) in 13.3% and stunting (HAZ<-2) in 4.1% of children. Stunting and thinness were significantly more common in males. Fruit, vegetable and dairy products intake and screen time were more in females. A strong positive correlation between screen time and age was significant at the 0.01 level. There are substantial rates of stunting, thinness, and obesity in 7-12 years children. The results suggest the need for evaluating health caregivers’ educational methods to improve nutritional status in children.
Pegah Rahbarinejad; Ariyo Movahedi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 23-27
Abstract
Acid-base status, which can be affected by dietary acid load, has been related to risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the current study, we investigated the association between dietary acid load and metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted ...
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Acid-base status, which can be affected by dietary acid load, has been related to risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the current study, we investigated the association between dietary acid load and metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 participants, aged 8-18 years old. The dietary intake of participants was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores were calculated. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk of metabolic syndrome according to the PRAL and NEAP quartile categories. The mean age of the participants was 12.9±2.5 years old. Mean PRAL and NEAP scores were -4.23 and -19.70 mEq/day, respectively. In this study, the potential confounders including age, sex, BMI, and total energy, were adjusted in the multivariable-adjusted model. By using logistic regression, no significant association was observed between PEAL and NEAP with metabolic syndrome (OR= 0.98, 95% CI: 0.55-1.55, p-value=0.775 and OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.49-1.39, p-value=0.418, respectively), after adjustment for potential confounders. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to evaluate the association between PRAL and NEAP with metabolic syndrome in children.
Somayyeh Firouzi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2018, , Pages 24-28
Abstract
The link between gut microbiota composition, insulin resistance, and diabetes has been recently proposed. As such, the impact of probiotics on improving glycemic control has been reported recently. Although probiotics have attracted much interest as a complementary approach to improve glucose metabolism, ...
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The link between gut microbiota composition, insulin resistance, and diabetes has been recently proposed. As such, the impact of probiotics on improving glycemic control has been reported recently. Although probiotics have attracted much interest as a complementary approach to improve glucose metabolism, the mechanisms underlying their actions remained to be determined. Hence, here we aim to review the mechanisms by which the probiotics might affect glycemic control. Probiotics improve glycemic control through diminishing fermentation of polysaccharides, suppressing inflammation, act as bile acid de-conjugate hydrolase, increase the bioavailability of Gliclazide drugs and changes in incretin secretion. However, the pathway behind the effect of probiotics on glycemic control is complex with many interplay interactions. The involvement of multiple mechanisms may explain the ambiguities in determining the exact mechanism that is behind this effect.
Edris Arjeh; Ali Masoumi; Mohsen Barzegar; Hamid-Reza Akhavan
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 24-37
Abstract
Pistachios are good sources of some functional compounds that are essential for human health. In addition to consuming dried pistachios (salted/roasted) or used as ingredients in a variety of confectionery and cookery products, consuming fresh pistachios is also gaining a foothold in the market. This ...
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Pistachios are good sources of some functional compounds that are essential for human health. In addition to consuming dried pistachios (salted/roasted) or used as ingredients in a variety of confectionery and cookery products, consuming fresh pistachios is also gaining a foothold in the market. This review presents pre- and postharvest operations to prevent microbial contamination and to preserve physicochemical properties of fresh and processed pistachios for extending their shelf life. There is a potential in pistachios to be contaminated with some undesirable microbes, especially aflatoxin-producing fungi, during pre- and postharvest operations. In this regard, strategies to the prevention of aflatoxin production and the decontamination of produced aflatoxin in pistachios have been of interest to researchers. Different practices including sorting, thermal processing, biological control, ozone treatment, gamma irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation, and cold plasma have been proposed for aflatoxin decontamination. Sorting out damaged pistachios is one of the most important postharvest strategies to reduce aflatoxin levels (up to 98%) that can be done manually or electronically. The majority of pistachios (~85%) are consumed as roasted form that combining roasting with lemon juice improves the elimination of aflatoxin (up to 93%). Drying and packaging are the most important methods to maintain quality and improve the shelf life of pistachios. Laminated and metallized films with vacuum or modified atmosphere are the proper packaging for pistachios.
Pegah Rahbarinejad; Maryam Mohamadi Narab
Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 25-28
Abstract
Acid-base status, which can be affected by the dietary acid load (DAL), has been related to risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). In the current study, we investigated the association between DAL and NAFLD among Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 675 participants, ...
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Acid-base status, which can be affected by the dietary acid load (DAL), has been related to risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). In the current study, we investigated the association between DAL and NAFLD among Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 675 participants, aged 20-60 years old. The dietary intake of participants was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores were calculated. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk of NAFLD according to the PRAL and NEAP categories. The mean age of the participants was 38.1 ± 8.8 years old. The median of PRAL and NEAP were -8.13 and -9.05 mEq/day, respectively. In this study, the potential confounders including age, sex, leisure time activity, and total energy were adjusted in the multivariable-adjusted model. By using logistic regression, no significant association was observed between PEAL and NEAP with NAFLD. (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.66-1.60, P-value=0.905 and OR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.72-1.75, P-value=0.611, respectively) after adjustment for potential confounders. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to evaluate the association between PRAL and NEAP with NAFLD among adults.
Mina Nasiri; Anousheh Sharifan; Hamed Ahari; Amir Ali Anvar; Shapour Kakoolaki
Volume 2, Issue 2 , November 2019, , Pages 26-31
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the utilization of emulsion and food-grade nanoemulsions and their fabrication methods, and methods have evolved in the food industry and other fields. Emulsions, according to droplet diameter and stability, are divided into three important groups ...
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In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the utilization of emulsion and food-grade nanoemulsions and their fabrication methods, and methods have evolved in the food industry and other fields. Emulsions, according to droplet diameter and stability, are divided into three important groups of conventional emulsions, nanoemulsions, and microemulsions; therefore, nanoemulsions are a class of emulsions. The small and fine size of the droplet in nanoemulsions (i.e. droplet diameter <100nm) make them applicable in some fields, due to their enhanced bioavailability, solubility, better stability against gravitational separation, appropriateness for delivery of lipophilic active agent’s components, high surface area per unit volume and antimicrobial property. Also, they need less surfactant in comparison with other constructions. There are many kinds of preparation methods that can be classified into low-intensity and high-intensity approaches. The basis of the high-intensity procedure is mechanical energy that comes from flows like cavitation, but the low-intensity procedure is based on physicochemical processes. The most notable ways in high-energy emulsification are high-pressure valve homogenization, microfluidization, ultrasonication, rotor-stator emulsification, and membrane emulsification. Low-energy emulsification is divided into thermal and isothermal methods for nanoemulsions fabrication. Thermal methods consist of phase inversion temperature (PIT) and isothermal methods consist of spontaneous emulsification (SE) and emulsion phase inversion (EPI). Also, today, there is a lot of evidence to compare the low-intensity approach with high-intensity one and some of them express that in the low-energy method, equipment is not expensive and special and this is a very important advantage in saving energy. Also, some researchers express that in the high-energy method, we need much less concentration of surfactant for the formation of small size droplet.
Saeedeh Avazzade; Akram Ghanbari Moghaddam; Fateme Ardaneh; Mohammad Ayatnia; Sahel Sang-Sefidi; Mojtaba Mohammadi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 26-30
Abstract
Since the promotion of healthy nutrition behaviors can have a significant effect on disease prevention, this study examines some nutritional habits of the elderly in Tehran, the capital of Iran. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 400 elderly people over 60 years of age who were randomly ...
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Since the promotion of healthy nutrition behaviors can have a significant effect on disease prevention, this study examines some nutritional habits of the elderly in Tehran, the capital of Iran. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 400 elderly people over 60 years of age who were randomly selected by cluster sampling from 5 areas of Tehran (north, south, center, east, and west) in 2016. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic information and nutritional section of the "Healthy lifestyle questionnaire in Iranian elderly" which questions people's eating habits, completed by the elderly. The nutrition part has 14 questions, in which the possible score range is 14- 64 and a higher score indicates a more favorable nutrition status. The mean score of healthy nutrition behaviors in males and females was 32.9±4.7 and 31.6±5.8 respectively, in which the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) and there was not a significant difference by education, marital status, and type of coexistence (p>0.05). Less than half of the elderly, in both male (%42) and female (%46) groups, used boiled food and most of them did not use oil (%95), and %59 used both white and red meat. Sixty percent reported medium (6 to 8 glasses) consumption of water per day and 40% reported medium (two pieces of bread) daily intake of bread. About half of both groups reported low consumption of milk and beans and only 11% of Women and %25 of men reported a high level of fruit and vegetable consumption. There were some unhealthy eating habits such as low water consumption and low daily intake of fruits & vegetables and milk that were observed in the majority of elderlies and elderly women suffer poorer nutritional status than men. Suitable interventional programs regarding the findings are recommended.
Maghsoud Nader; Sedigeh Tajabadipour
Volume 2, Issue 3 , December 2019, , Pages 27-31
Abstract
This research is aimed at determining the role of acceptance and mindfulness therapy on physical activity increment and obesity decrement in the patients suffering from heart disease in Bandar Abbas. In terms of type, the research is applied one and in terms of research method, it is a quasi-experimental ...
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This research is aimed at determining the role of acceptance and mindfulness therapy on physical activity increment and obesity decrement in the patients suffering from heart disease in Bandar Abbas. In terms of type, the research is applied one and in terms of research method, it is a quasi-experimental study along with a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the research involves all the patients suffering from heart disease being overweight who had visited Bandar Abbas’ hospitals during 2016-2017 and according to angiographic reports, the eclipse was more than 50% and BMI ≥30. An available sampling method was used in the study. The population size was 20 that 10 were assigned to the experimental group and 10 to control group. The data were collected through making use of physical activity level, body mass index (BMI) questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using covariance analysis and SPSS software. The results showed that acceptance therapy had been effective in physical activity increment and body mass decrement of the patients suffering from heart disease. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based therapy can be considered as a non-invasive treatment. This clinical trial will result in more effective mindfulness-based interventions as a complementary treatment in primary care for people with overweight and obesity
Marjan Nouri; Mahedeh Basiri
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 28-34
Abstract
Frozen yogurt is considered a useful and popular dairy product all over the world. The research was conducted to advance the formulation of strawberry frozen yogurt by chia seed at different concentrations (0 to 3 %). The aim of the present research was to improve nutritional quality ...
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Frozen yogurt is considered a useful and popular dairy product all over the world. The research was conducted to advance the formulation of strawberry frozen yogurt by chia seed at different concentrations (0 to 3 %). The aim of the present research was to improve nutritional quality and health benefits by frozen yogurt enriched with chia seeds. Initially, fatty acid profile in chia seeds was evaluated, then tests such as physicochemical (pH, acidity, fat, and protein content), colorimetric (L*, a* and b*), antioxidant, microbial counts, viscosity, melting rate, and overrun as well as sensory were analyzed on frozen yogurts during 21 days. Finally, the fatty acid profile in frozen yogurts was investigated on optimal and control samples. The results illustrated that 83.73 ± 0.3 of chia seed oil included polyunsaturated fatty acids. The results of physicochemical assays for frozen yogurt represented that treated samples had lower pH and higher acidity, fat, and protein compared to control. Chia improved textural (overrun, viscosity, melting rate) and antioxidant features of frozen yogurts as well as L* decreased. Enrichment had no significant effects on lactic acid bacteria counts. chia addition showed no significant influence on flavor and generally lacked in odor even in the highest amount. According to all results, the sample with 2 % chia was the most appropriate and improved polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially omega-3. Chia addition can be highlighted as a functional composition.
Ariyo Movahedi; Asmah Rahmat; Fauziah Othman
Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2018, , Pages 29-36
Abstract
Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a great deal of attention toward the beneficial effects of herbs in prevention and treatment of different diseases. Phytochemicals, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants are most common words in this era. Some of herbs due to their long history ...
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Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a great deal of attention toward the beneficial effects of herbs in prevention and treatment of different diseases. Phytochemicals, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants are most common words in this era. Some of herbs due to their long history of usage are more interesting to be examined and found out their possible medicinal capabilities which in this study antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoids contents of Orthosiphon stamineus, Teucrium polium, and Berberis vulgaris were analyzed. Materials and Methods: Decoction of the herbs were prepared and analyzed. Total Phenolic Content (TPC) were evaluated with Folin-Ciocalteu's phenol reagent. Colorimetric Aluminum Chloride method was used for flavonoid determination and The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined on their ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, based on a modified method of Brand Williams. Results: Based on the obtained results B. vulgaris showed the highest level of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity followed by O. stamineus, T. polium. No degradation of analyzed activities were found after mixing all these decoctions. Conclusion: According to the present study, results of TPC, TFC, and DPPH scavenging activities showed possible beneficial effects of studies herbs and their mixed ones due to their components which might be used in prevention, suppression or treatment of NCDs.
Maliheh Zarandi; Maryam Hasani; Payman Mahasti; Hassan Hamedi
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of nettle hydroalcoholic extract (NE) with edible sodium alginate (SA) coating on the quality of rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during a 12-day refrigeration period (4±1˚C). NE was extracted by ethanol solvent ...
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The present study was performed to investigate the effect of nettle hydroalcoholic extract (NE) with edible sodium alginate (SA) coating on the quality of rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during a 12-day refrigeration period (4±1˚C). NE was extracted by ethanol solvent and the chemical compounds of NE were determined. Experiments were performed on 4 treatments (T1: control treatment, T2: SA 2%, T3: SA+NE 0.5% and T4: SA+NE 1%) in three replications. The results of chemical tests performed in comparison with the control sample showed that the samples containing the SA and NE were able to control the increase of chemical and microbial parameters (p<0.05). At the end of the storage period, the lowest amount of peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid and total volatile basic nitrogen, and the lowest amounts of lactic acid-producing bacteria, total bacterial count, psychrotrophic values were observed in SA+NE 1% (p<0.05). The results of the sensory evaluation showed that the mentioned treatment maintained the quality of the fillet until the end of the storage period. In general, edible coating of SA with NE can delay the process of lipid oxidation and microbial spoilage and maintain or improve the sensory properties of refrigerated fish fillets.
