Behnood Abbasi; Paniz Ahmadi; Bita Shadbakht; Elnaz Zirak Sharkesh
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder in elderly which is characterized by a bone density of 2.5 standard deviation lower than young adults. Diet may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship ...
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Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder in elderly which is characterized by a bone density of 2.5 standard deviation lower than young adults. Diet may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship between major dietary patterns and osteoporosis in Iranian postmenopausal women.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 440 postmenopausal women in Tehran using convenient sampling which included of 220 cases and 220 controls. Demographic and anthropometric data, medical history, physical activity and usual dietary intake were collected through interviews. A 147 items Food Frequency Questionnaire were used to assess dietary patterns. Level of physical activity and nutrient intake between the two groups were compared. Principal components approach (PCA) was used to determine dominant dietary patterns.
Results: Two dominant dietary patterns (mixed dietary pattern and western dietary pattern) were identified using 33 food groups. There was a significant difference in nutritional status and physical activity between the case and control groups. After adjusting for the effect of possible confounding variables (Model 4), those in the second category of the Western dietary pattern were significantly more likely to have osteoporosis than in the first category (OR=3.87/CI=13-7.03).
Conclusion: Western dietary pattern was strongly associated with increased risk of osteoporosis. In addition, no association was found between mixed dietary patterns and osteoporosis.
Mahtab Sotoudeh; Hafez Goudarzi; Behnood Abbasi
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) causes various metabolic disorders depending on the individual's genetic background. It can be detected up to 10-15 years before a person develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes is projected to increase from 8.4% in 2017 to 9.9% in 2045. ...
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Insulin resistance (IR) causes various metabolic disorders depending on the individual's genetic background. It can be detected up to 10-15 years before a person develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes is projected to increase from 8.4% in 2017 to 9.9% in 2045. Garlic has been used as herbal medicine. It has various biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidants. The present study aims to investigate the impact of garlic on IR and other indices of glucose metabolism. Electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Science Information Database (SID), and publisher databases such as Elsevier, SpringerLink, and Wiley Online Library were searched till February 2022. Search terms involved “garlic” OR “Allium sativum” OR “alliin” OR “allicin” in combination with “fasting blood glucose” OR “fasting plasma glucose” OR “fasting blood sugar” OR “insulin resistance” OR “fasting insulin” OR “homeostasis assessment model” OR “HOMA” AND “polycystic ovary syndrome” OR “diabetes mellitus” OR “type 2 diabetes mellitus” OR “metabolic syndrome” OR “nonalcoholic fatty liver disease” OR “cardiovascular diseases”. After reviewing the databases mentioned seven articles were identified for this review. Totally, 459 participants including 228 women and 231 men, enrolled in the trials. Assessing the findings of these articles indicates that garlic has a positive effect on IR, plasma insulin, and fasting glucose. The hypoglycemic action of garlic is related to its sulfur-containing compounds which directly or indirectly stimulate insulin secretion. Also, allicin in garlic can combine with endogenous thiol-containing molecules which can release insulin from inactivation.
Asal Ansaripour; Behnood Abbasi
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide which can lead to significant macrovascular and microvascular complications. A majority of patients with diabetes suffer from type 2 diabetes and its prevalence and incidence continue to increase globally. Its underlying pathophysiology ...
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Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide which can lead to significant macrovascular and microvascular complications. A majority of patients with diabetes suffer from type 2 diabetes and its prevalence and incidence continue to increase globally. Its underlying pathophysiology is complicated. Both genetic predisposition and lifestyle risk factors can result in relative insulin deficiency and the development of type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes can present with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, blurred vision, and recurrent infections. However, many patients may be initially asymptomatic, resulting in late diagnosis. Delayed diagnosis can also result in presenting with already established complications at the time of diagnosis. There are various diagnostic methods and these include measurements of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, or random plasma glucose together with classical signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia. Alternatively, an oral glucose tolerance test can be carried out to confirm the diagnosis. Lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy are the backbones of type 2 diabetes treatment. Metformin is considered to be the first-line therapy of choice. However, if the desired glucose control is not achieved, then metformin is combined with other anti-diabetic medications. As type 2 diabetes is largely a preventable disease, its primary prevention is of utmost significance. The aim of primary prevention is to reduce the modifiable risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and smoking.
Navideh Khodadadi; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 35-44
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a virulent tumor rising in the interior wall of the large bowel. CRC is the third deadliest cancer globally and is the 4th common in Iran. Fiestin is a flavone that is present in some fruits and vegetables and is suggested to have beneficial effects on human cancer cells. In ...
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a virulent tumor rising in the interior wall of the large bowel. CRC is the third deadliest cancer globally and is the 4th common in Iran. Fiestin is a flavone that is present in some fruits and vegetables and is suggested to have beneficial effects on human cancer cells. In the present study, we summarized the potential mechanisms of the effect of Fiestin on CRC. Electronic literature searches were conducted on Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar until March 2020. Our search was supplemented with the search of publisher databases like Elsevier and Springer. The search was conducted with “Fiestin” in combination with the following keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Colon, Rectum, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and “Precancerous Lesions” among humans, animal, and in-vitro studies. 14 articles during 2005 and 2018 assessed the effect of Fiestin on CRC. One was RCT, 3 of them were animal studies and 10 papers were performed on cell culture. Our Findings suggested that Fiestin may have positive effects on cancer cells due to its anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and cell cycle modifying properties. According to the literature, it seems that Fiestin induces cell cycle arrest and suppresses cellular growth by modulating through some signaling pathways like inhibition of CDKs and Fiestin decreases protein levels of cell division cycles like CDC 2 and CDC25C. Fiestin may also induce cell apoptosis cascades such as activation of caspase 3, 7, and cleavage of procaspase 3 and inhibition of caspase 8. Fiestin also may have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting PGE2 production and expression of COX2. Additionally, it may have some anti-oxidant effects by reducing some tumor markers and enhancement levels of some anti-oxidants agents.
Maryam Moussavi; Majid Karandish; Ariyo Movahedi; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 11-14
Abstract
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a simple, inexpensive, quick, and non-invasive technique for measuring body composition and its analysis is used as an alternative to examine muscle mass and body fat percentage Obesity and depression are two major public health problems among adolescents. Both ...
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Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a simple, inexpensive, quick, and non-invasive technique for measuring body composition and its analysis is used as an alternative to examine muscle mass and body fat percentage Obesity and depression are two major public health problems among adolescents. Both obesity and depression are very prevalent and associated with numerous health complications, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and increased mortality. The present study was a cross-sectional study on 157 adult females and males from student and staff of Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU) of Tehran that classified in two groups of normal weight and overweight or obese. The proportion of body tissues was determined according to the resistance created. The weight of the subjects was measured and recorded using BIA. Using the DASS-21 Questionnaire for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Based on the present findings, anthropometric indices such as weight, skeletal muscle mass, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, visceral fat level, whole-body water (L), body fat mass (kg), basal metabolic ratio (kcal), degree of obesity (%) ), fat percentage analysis (%), muscle weight analysis (kg), muscle percentage analysis were significantly different between the two groups (P <0.0001) and were higher in obese or overweight groups than the normal one. There were no significant differences in anxiety (p=0.496), stress (p=0.407), and mental health score (p=0.251) in both groups. Whereas, depression was significantly higher in the overweight or obese group (p=0.012). There was no meaningful relationship between BMI and stress (CC=0.04, P=0.612), anxiety (CC=0.052, P=0.519), whereas the positive correlation between BMI and depression (CC=0.932, P=0.035) was significant. There was a direct relationship between obesity and depression, anxiety, and stress. BMI correlates positively with mental health parameters.
Fatemeh Majzoobi; Fatemeh Radkhouy; Negar Norouzi; Shaghayegh Naziri Monfared; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , May 2019, , Pages 46-52
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common gastrointestinal functional disorder accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain and changes in intestinal habits. Lack of proper biochemical criteria for diagnosis, as well as a lack of proper understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, complicates ...
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Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common gastrointestinal functional disorder accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain and changes in intestinal habits. Lack of proper biochemical criteria for diagnosis, as well as a lack of proper understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, complicates diagnosis of this disease and undermines the serious efforts to discover the proper drug for it. The present treatments including medical treatments which are related to some side-effects such as dyspepsia, heartburn, headache, bradycardia, anorexia, weakness and fatigue and diet therapy. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of previous studies on the effect of low-FODMAP diet on the improvement of digestive symptoms and nutritional status in patients with IBS. Electronic literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar until May 2019. The search was conducted with the following words “FODMAP” or “low-FODMAP diets”, in combination with “gastrointestinal symptoms”, “diarrhea”, “constipation”, “dyspepsia”, “bloating”, “burp”, “heart burn”, “nausea” and “intestinal cramp” among randomized clinical trials. Our search was supplemented with the search of publisher databases Elsevier, Wiley Online and SpringerLink and for any pertinent studies, we screened the references of all included studies. Eligibility criteria included: randomized controlled clinical trial studies published in peer-reviewed journals and studies that used low-FODMAP diets as an intervention. In the total of 5 studies were done on the 299 adults who meet the inclusion criteria. According to the consumption of the results, the low-FODMAP diet caused a significant improvement in many gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and dissatisfaction of the intestinal habits in comparison with control diet. According to the results of various studies, it seems that a low-FODMAP diet can improve digestive symptoms and IBS-related complaints.
Fatemeh Radkhouy; Samira Soltanieh; Shakiba Solgi; Maedeh Ansari; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2018, , Pages 39-47
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer that results from abnormalities or changes in the genome and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Carnitine is a potent antioxidant that may result in an increase in cellular respiration, apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and inflammation ...
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Colorectal cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer that results from abnormalities or changes in the genome and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Carnitine is a potent antioxidant that may result in an increase in cellular respiration, apoptosis, a reduction in proliferation and inflammation of tumor cells by various mechanisms. The present study was conducted to summarize the effects of carnitine on the treatment or prevention of colorectal cancer. The review was conducted with the following words "L-carnitine" in combination with colorectal cancer, neoplasm, colon, rectum, apoptosis, inflammation and precancerous lesions among animal and in vitro studies. From six interventional studies investigated in this article, one of them was performed on two groups of mice having precancerous lesions and macroscopic colonic tumors divided into AOM and APC groups and five other studies on adenocarcinoma cell lines of NCOL-1, Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480. One of them also was performed on DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis mouse model. These studies reported significant increment in the amount of the fatty acid transportation into the mitochondria; generation of mitochondrial superoxide anions (O2-), apoptosis and cell death in cells which were exposed by L-carnitine. An increment was also observed in pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase, Bak and Bax and reduction in anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-Xl. In these studies, cellular inflammation which was associated with products of the cyclooxygenase enzyme pathway, and cancer cell proliferation was reduced as well and there was an increment in DNA fragmentation. The aberrant crypt foci development and pre-cancerous lesions were significantly inhibited by carnitine in the colons of the studied mice but did not exert protective effects on their intestinal tumors. L-carnitine may have potential anticancer effects and inhibits the progression of macroscopic and pre-cancerous tumors and prevents the growth and proliferation of cancerous cells.
Raheleh Kamalzadeh Yazdi; Ghazaleh Shakeri; Motahareh Hatami Marbini; Behnood Abbasi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2018, , Pages 29-34
Abstract
Diabetes is a progressive chronic disease and is considered as an important health problem, which has increased in recent years. The prevalence of diabetes in the Middle East in 2015 was 35.4 million, which more than 4.6 million people were in Iran. In this review, we specifically tried to summarize ...
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Diabetes is a progressive chronic disease and is considered as an important health problem, which has increased in recent years. The prevalence of diabetes in the Middle East in 2015 was 35.4 million, which more than 4.6 million people were in Iran. In this review, we specifically tried to summarize the results of clinical trials on the effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profile and inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetic patients. In this review, three interventional studies were included to evaluate the effect of Selenium supplementation on metabolic parameters. Serum insulin concentration and insulin resistance index were significantly reduced in two of the studies. Fasting plasma glucose and HDL cholesterol concentrations significantly increased in one study while in other studies no significant changes were observed. One of the studies showed a significant reduction in inflammatory Indicators and antioxidant capacity, one study also showed a significant decrease in lipid profiles. Selenium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes may have adverse effects on blood glucose homeostasis. However, it may improve lipid profile and antioxidant capacity and reduces inflammatory mediators in these patients. Therefore, in spite of the negative effects of glucose homeostasis with regard to the positive effects seen, further investigations are needed to evaluate the final effect of selenium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
